Effects of Alcohol Consumption on Oxidative Stress in a Sample of Patients Recruited in a Dietary Center in a Southern University Hospital: A Retrospective Study

<em>Background and objectives</em>: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the effects of alcohol consumption on oxidative stress. <em>Materials and Methods</em>: The study was conducted by analyzing the increase in lipid peroxidation, the reduction of antioxidant defenses and the alteration of the oxidation/antioxidant balance after the administration of ethanol in 25% aqueous solution (<em>v</em>/<em>v</em>) at a concentration of 0.76 g/kg of body weight daily in two doses for 3 days. The changes in oxidative stress indices were investigated by standard methods previously described. <em>Results</em>: Ethanol administration has determined a significant increase in plasma levels of lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH), malonilaldehyde (MDA) and oxidized glutathione (GSSH), and a decrease in total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reduced glutathione (GSH) and GSH/GSSH ratio. <em>Conclusions</em>: In the proposed experimental condition, the excessive and repeated consumption of ethanol causes oxidative damage, as shown by the increase in lipid peroxidation, the reduction of antioxidant defenses and the alteration of the oxidation/antioxidant balance, which, at least in part, are responsible for the harmful effects of excess ethanol.

<em>研究背景与目的</em>：本回顾性研究旨在评估饮酒对氧化应激（oxidative stress）的影响。
<em>材料与方法</em>：本研究通过分析以体积分数25%（<em>v</em>/<em>v</em>）的乙醇水溶液，按每日0.76g/kg体重的剂量分两次给药、持续3天后，机体脂质过氧化水平升高、抗氧化防御能力下降以及氧化/抗氧化平衡失衡的变化情况；氧化应激相关指标的变化采用此前已报道的标准方法进行检测。
<em>结果</em>：乙醇给药可使血浆中脂质氢过氧化物（LOOH）、丙二酰醛（MDA）与氧化型谷胱甘肽（GSSH）的水平显著升高，同时总抗氧化能力（TAC）、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）以及GSH/GSSH比值显著降低。
<em>结论</em>：在本实验设定的条件下，过量且反复的乙醇摄入会引发氧化损伤，具体表现为脂质过氧化水平升高、抗氧化防御能力下降以及氧化/抗氧化平衡失衡，上述变化至少部分介导了过量乙醇所产生的有害作用。