Body as Expression of Psychiatric Distress: Insights from Restrictive Eating Disorders, Non-Suicidal Self Injuries, and Suicide Attempts

Introduction

This database includes the raw data linked with the paper “Body as Expression of Psychiatric Distress: Insights from Restrictive Eating Disorders, Non-Suicidal Self Injuries, and Suicide Attempts” in submission to Frontiers in Psychology.

In this paper, we reported sociodemographic characteristics, psychopathological assessment, R-PAS performances and level of functioning. We aimed to describe three groups of patients using a multimethod assessment and characterize the core of their diseases, highlighting similarities and differences. The three groups of adolescent patients are patients who suffer from restrictive eating disorders (REDs), present non-suicidal self-injuries (NSSIs), or have a previous history of suicidal attempts (SA).

Methods

Sixty adolescents were recruited and divided into three groups: 20 patients suffering from REDs, 20 showing NSSI behaviors, and 20 with a previous history of suicidal attempts. We collected data from the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS-PL-DSM-5), the SCID-5-Personality Disorders, the Children Global Assessment Scale (CGAS), the Clinical Global Impression – Severity (CGI-S), the WISC-IV or WAIS-IV, and the Rorschach test according to the R-PAS method.

Results

Depressive symptoms were more severe in the SA group than in the others. The SA group exhibited higher levels of dysregulation symptoms, social anxiety, and GAD compared to the RED group. The RED group displayed a higher prevalence of OCD symptoms than the NSSI group, which showed the lowest levels.

The SCID-5-PD revealed a significantly higher presence of borderline personality traits in the NSSI group compared to the RED group. The RED group demonstrated substantially better functioning than the SA group. Finally, regarding R-PAS performance, the NSSI group displayed the lowest Pull (Pu) scores compared to the RED and SA groups. They also exhibited higher Vague (Vg%) scores than the SA group. In contrast, the RED group scored lower in the Sum of the blend of achromatic/light-dark and color determinants (CBlend) and Critical Contents (CritCont%) than the NSSI group. Furthermore, the RED group had significantly higher scores in the Proportion of not pure H responses (NPH/SumH) than the NSSI group.

引言

本数据集收录了已投稿至《Frontiers in Psychology》（《心理学前沿》）的论文《躯体作为精神痛苦的表达：来自限制性进食障碍（REDs）、非自杀性自伤（NSSIs）与自杀未遂（SA）的启示》的关联原始数据。

在本研究中，我们报告了受试对象的社会人口统计学特征、精神病理学评估结果、罗夏绩效评估系统（R-PAS）测评表现及功能水平。本研究旨在通过多方法评估对三组青少年患者进行描述，并阐明其疾病的核心特征，同时揭示各组间的异同。该三组青少年患者分别为限制性进食障碍（REDs）患者、存在非自杀性自伤（NSSIs）行为者，以及有自杀未遂（SA）既往史者。

研究方法

本研究共招募60名青少年患者，将其分为三组：20名限制性进食障碍（REDs）患者、20名非自杀性自伤（NSSI）行为者，以及20名有自杀未遂（SA）既往史者。我们从以下工具或量表中采集数据：儿童情感障碍与精神分裂症评定量表（K-SADS-PL-DSM-5）、SCID-5人格障碍模块、儿童大体功能评定量表（CGAS）、临床大体印象-严重程度量表（CGI-S）、韦氏儿童智力量表第四版（WISC-IV）或韦氏成人智力量表第四版（WAIS-IV），以及采用罗夏绩效评估系统（R-PAS）实施的罗夏墨迹测验。

结果

自杀未遂（SA）组的抑郁症状严重程度显著高于其余两组。与限制性进食障碍（REDs）组相比，自杀未遂（SA）组的情绪失调症状、社交焦虑及广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）水平均更高。限制性进食障碍（REDs）组的强迫症（OCD）症状患病率高于非自杀性自伤（NSSI）组，而非自杀性自伤（NSSI）组的强迫症症状患病率最低。

SCID-5人格障碍模块评定结果显示，与限制性进食障碍（REDs）组相比，非自杀性自伤（NSSI）组的边缘型人格特质检出率显著更高。限制性进食障碍（REDs）组的整体功能水平显著优于自杀未遂（SA）组。最后，关于罗夏绩效评估系统（R-PAS）的测评结果，与限制性进食障碍（REDs）组和自杀未遂（SA）组相比，非自杀性自伤（NSSI）组的拉动（Pull，Pu）得分最低。同时，非自杀性自伤（NSSI）组的模糊反应（Vague，Vg%）得分高于自杀未遂（SA）组。与之相反，限制性进食障碍（REDs）组的混合无彩色/明暗与色彩决定因子总分（CBlend）及关键内容占比（CritCont%）得分均低于非自杀性自伤（NSSI）组。此外，限制性进食障碍（REDs）组的不纯H反应占比（NPH/SumH）得分显著高于非自杀性自伤（NSSI）组。