Table_2_An Endophytic Trichoderma Strain Promotes Growth of Its Hosts and Defends Against Pathogen Attack.DOCX

Plants host numerous endophytic microbes which promote plant performance, in particular under stress. A new endophytic fungus was isolated from the leaves of a deciduous wood tree Leucas aspera. Morphological inspection and multilocus phylogeny identified the fungus as a new Trichoderma strain. If applied to Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana attenuata, it mainly colonizes their roots and strongly promotes initial growth of the plants on soil. The fungus grows on high NaCl or mannitol concentrations, and shows predatory capability on the pathogenic fungus Alternaria brassicicola. Colonized Arabidopsis plants tolerate higher salt stress and show lower A. brassicicola spread in roots and shoots, while arbuscular mycorrhiza formation in N. attenuata is not affected by the Trichoderma strain. These beneficial features of the novel Trichoderma strain are important prerequisites for agricultural applications.植物体内定殖有大量内生微生物（endophytic microbes），这类微生物可提升植物的生长表现，在胁迫环境下效果尤为显著。研究人员从落叶木本植物绣球防风（Leucas aspera）的叶片中分离得到一株全新的内生真菌。通过形态学观察与多基因座系统发育分析，该真菌被鉴定为木霉菌属（Trichoderma）的全新菌株。将该菌株接种至拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）与渐狭叶烟草（Nicotiana attenuata）后，其主要定殖于宿主根部，并可显著促进两种植物在土壤中的初期生长。该菌株可在高浓度氯化钠或甘露醇培养基上存活并生长，同时对致病真菌芸苔链格孢（Alternaria brassicicola）具有捕食活性。被该菌株定殖的拟南芥可耐受更高浓度的盐胁迫，且根部与地上组织的芸苔链格孢侵染范围显著降低；而该木霉菌株对渐狭叶烟草的丛枝菌根（arbuscular mycorrhiza）形成无显著影响。该新型木霉菌株的上述有益特性，是其应用于农业生产的重要前提条件。