Vegetative growth and productive performance of 'Abate Fetel' and 'Rocha' pear trees on quince rootstocks

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the vegetative growth and yield of the 'Abate Fetel' and 'Rocha' pear (Pyrus communis) trees grafted onto the 'Adams', 'Ba29', and 'EMC' quince (Cydonia oblonga) rootstocks in the climatic conditions of Southern Brazil. The plants were trained on a central leader system, at a 4.0x1.0-m spacing. Vegetative growth, yield, and fruit size were evaluated. 'Rocha' showed greater vegetative growth, but also alternate bearing, mainly due to fructification problems. 'Abate Fetel' presented high flowering intensity, but a very low fructification, which limited its yield. Among rootstocks, 'Adams' induced a higher vigor during the initial stages and an increased intensity in flowering in the sixth year. In the following seasons, there was no rootstock effect on the assessed variables. 'Rocha' has a satisfactory production, whereas 'Abate Fetel' shows a weak vegetative growth and a very low production. The 'Adams', 'Ba29', and 'EMC' rootstocks induce similar vegetative and productive behavior in the 'Abate Fetel' and 'Rocha' pear trees.摘要：本研究旨在评估巴西南部气候条件下，以‘Adams’、‘Ba29’和‘EMC’榅桲（Cydonia oblonga）为砧木的‘Abate Fetel’与‘Rocha’西洋梨（Pyrus communis）植株的营养生长与产量表现。试验采用中央领导干树形（central leader system），株行距配置为4.0×1.0米。本研究对供试梨树的营养生长、产量及果实尺寸进行了测定与评价。‘Rocha’品种的营养生长更为旺盛，但存在显著的大小年结果现象，该问题主要由坐果障碍引发。‘Abate Fetel’品种虽开花强度较高，但坐果率极低，进而限制了其产量表现。在供试砧木中，‘Adams’可在定植初期诱导更强的树势，并在第六年提升植株的开花强度；但在后续生长季中，砧木对各项测定指标均无显著影响。‘Rocha’品种的生产表现较为理想，而‘Abate Fetel’则表现为营养生长偏弱且产量极低。‘Adams’、‘Ba29’与‘EMC’砧木对‘Abate Fetel’与‘Rocha’西洋梨的营养生长与生产性状均具有相似的诱导效果。