Bacillus velezensis Alleviates LPS-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation in Broilers

In this experiment, Bacillus velezensis and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were administered via intratracheal instillation in broilers. The results demonstrated that LPS induced severe pulmonary and systemic inflammatory responses. However, after Bacillus velezensis perfusion, the levels of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum were significantly reduced. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the activation of genes associated with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pathway in the broilers' lungs. Combined with molecular experiments, it was further confirmed that the level of PPAR-gamma in the lungs was increased, while the level of nuclear factor-kappa B p65 (NF-kappa B p65) was significantly decreased.The experiment also found that Bacillus velezensis enhanced the level of isoflavones in the lungs by increasing the abundance of rare microbial communities. This, in turn, activated the PPAR pathway and inhibited the NF-kappa B pathway, ultimately alleviating pulmonary inflammation.In conclusion, the findings of this experiment provide a novel approach to addressing challenges in the large-scale broiler farming industry.