Dataset for article: High throughput fabrication of nanofibrous yarns produced by AC electrospinning

Nanofiber yarns offer unique opportunities for developing next-generation flexible materials that combine nanoscale functionality with macroscopic structural integrity. Their high surface-to-volume ratio, fine open porosity, and fibrous morphology enable applications in tissue engineering, drug delivery, filtration, sensors, energy storage, and functional textiles. However, the transition of nanofiber yarn technology from laboratory to industrial scale has been limited by low productivity and poor control over morphology, linear density, twist, and tensile strength. Here, we report a simple, scalable, and robust method for the continuous production of 100% nanofiber yarns using high-throughput needleless and collectorless alternating-current (AC) electrospinning. A plume of nanofibers generated from a rotating disc spinning-electrode is continuously deposited on a rotating drum and withdrawn through a spinning triangle, where a twirling device imparts controlled twist. Using this setup, nanofiber yarns composed of poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB), poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), polyamide 46 (PA46), and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were produced at speeds up to 55 m min⁻¹ with a 200 mm disc spinning-electrode. Scanning electron microscopy revealed densely packed nanofibrils within the yarn cross-sections and a dominant pore size around 1 µm. The yarns were braided and woven into scaffolds supporting cell adhesion and proliferation. This high-performance alternating-current electrospinning approach effectively bridges the gap between electrospun fibers—whose two of three characteristic dimensions reside in the nanoscale—and macroscopic textile manufacturing, thereby enabling a practical and scalable pathway for the industrial production of nanofiber yarns for biomedical and advanced material applications.纳米纤维纱线为开发兼具纳米级功能与宏观结构稳定性的下一代柔性材料提供了独特契机。其高比表面积、优异的开孔孔隙率与纤维状形貌，使其可应用于组织工程、药物递送、过滤、传感器、储能以及功能纺织品等领域。然而，纳米纤维纱线技术从实验室向工业化规模的转化，却受限于较低的生产效率，以及对纱线形貌、线密度、捻度与拉伸强度的调控精度不足。本研究报道了一种简便、可扩展且稳定可靠的方法，可利用高通量无针无收集器交流电（alternating-current, AC）静电纺丝技术，连续制备纯纳米纤维纱线。该方法通过旋转圆盘式纺丝电极产生纳米纤维射流，将其连续沉积于旋转收集滚筒之上，并通过纺丝三角引导引出，再由捻转装置施加可控捻度。借助该装置，本研究使用直径200 mm的旋转圆盘纺丝电极，以最高55 m·min⁻¹的生产速率制备了由聚乙烯醇缩丁醛（poly(vinyl butyral), PVB）、聚己内酯（poly(ε-caprolactone), PCL）、聚酰胺46（polyamide 46, PA46）以及聚乙烯醇（poly(vinyl alcohol), PVA）构成的纳米纤维纱线。扫描电子显微镜观测结果显示，纱线横截面内纳米原纤排列致密，且主导孔径约为1 μm。将该纳米纤维纱线进行编织后可制备支架材料，能够支持细胞黏附与增殖。该高性能交流电静电纺丝技术有效填补了静电纺纤维（其三维特征尺寸中有二维处于纳米尺度）与宏观纺织制造之间的技术鸿沟，从而为生物医学与先进材料领域用纳米纤维纱线的工业化量产提供了一条切实可行且可扩展的技术路径。