Validation of Polish version of the Basel Extent of Rationing of Nursing Care revised questionnaire

Development of simple, valid and reliable instruments to determine nursing care rationing is a subject of ongoing research. One such instrument, which is gaining popularity worldwide and has significant research applicability, is the Basel Extent of Rationing of Nursing Care (BERNCA) and its revised version, the BERNCA-R. The aim of this study was to translate and adapt the BERNCA-R into a Polish-language version and to assess its reliability and validity in evaluating the level of implicit rationing of nursing care in Poland. Standard methodological requirements were followed during translation and cultural adaptation of the English version of the BERNCA-R questionnaire into Polish. The cross-sectional validation study was conducted between May and September 2017, which included 175 nurses undergoing specialisation and qualification courses at the European Postgraduate Education Centre in Wrocław, Poland. Cronbach’s alpha and inter-item correlations were used to analyse the internal consistency of the Polish BERNCA-R questionnaire. The mean total BERNCA-R score was 1.9 points (SD = 0.74) on a scale of 0–4. Cronbach’s alpha for the unidimensional scale was 0.96. The mean inter-item correlation was 0.4 (range 0.1–0.84), which indicates high internal consistency. A single-factor solution demonstrated stable loadings above 0.5 for almost all items of the Polish BERNCA-R questionnaire. The study using the Polish BERNCA-R questionnaire demonstrated that the instrument is valid and reliable for use in investigating care rationing in groups of Polish nurses.

开发用于判定护理照护配给情况的简便、有效且可靠的工具，是当前持续推进的研究课题。其中一款在全球范围内逐渐获得认可且具备极高研究应用价值的工具，便是巴塞尔护理照护配给程度量表（Basel Extent of Rationing of Nursing Care, BERNCA）及其修订版BERNCA-R。本研究旨在将BERNCA-R翻译并调适为波兰语版本，并评估其在波兰境内评估隐性护理照护配给水平时的信效度。在将英文版本BERNCA-R问卷翻译并进行文化调适的过程中，本研究遵循了标准的方法学规范。本横断面验证研究于2017年5月至9月期间开展，研究对象为波兰弗罗茨瓦夫欧洲研究生教育中心接受专科化与资格认证课程培训的175名护士。研究采用克朗巴赫α系数（Cronbach’s alpha）与条目间相关系数，分析波兰语版BERNCA-R问卷的内部一致性。该量表总分为0~4分，波兰语版BERNCA-R的平均总得分为1.9分（标准差SD=0.74）。单维度量表的克朗巴赫α系数为0.96。条目间平均相关系数为0.4（范围0.1~0.84），这表明问卷具备良好的内部一致性。单因子分析结果显示，波兰语版BERNCA-R问卷几乎所有条目的因子载荷均稳定高于0.5。基于波兰语版BERNCA-R问卷开展的本研究表明，该工具可有效且可靠地用于评估波兰护士群体的照护配给情况。