Macrophomina phaseolina isolate:Karbala-1 Genome sequencing

This BioProject describes the first draft genome sequence of Macrophomina phaseolina isolated from infected cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants cultivated in Iraq. M. phaseolina is a soil-borne, necrotrophic fungal pathogen responsible for charcoal rot and root rot diseases in more than 500 plant species worldwide. Although the pathogen is well documented globally, genomic information from Middle Eastern isolates, particularly those infecting cucumber under Iraqi agroecological conditions, remains limited.The isolate used in this study was obtained from symptomatic cucumber plants exhibiting root discoloration, vascular browning, and wilting symptoms consistent with charcoal rot disease. Fungal identification was initially confirmed through morphological characterization and subsequently validated using molecular markers targeting the ITS region and species-specific loci. High-quality genomic DNA was extracted from a pure culture and subjected to next-generation sequencing to generate paired-end reads. De novo assembly was performed using optimized bioinformatics pipelines to produce a high-quality draft genome.This draft genome constitutes an important genomic resource for comparative genomics, epidemiological studies, and functional analyses of virulence and host-pathogen interactions. The data will facilitate the identification of molecular markers for pathogen detection, population structure analysis, and the development of sustainable disease management strategies. Moreover, this BioProject contributes to expanding the global genomic database of M. phaseolina, particularly by representing isolates from the Middle East, and supports future research aimed at improving cucumber crop resilience and food security in Iraq.本生物项目（BioProject）报道了从伊拉克种植的染病黄瓜（Cucumis sativus L.）植株中分离得到的菜豆壳球孢（Macrophomina phaseolina）的首个草图基因组序列。菜豆壳球孢是一种土传性死养型真菌病原菌，可引发全球超过500种植物的炭腐病与根腐病。尽管该病原菌在全球范围内已有充分研究记录，但中东地区分离株的基因组信息仍较为匮乏，尤其是在伊拉克农业生态条件下侵染黄瓜的分离株相关基因组数据。 本研究使用的分离株采自表现出根变色、维管束褐变及萎蔫等典型炭腐病症状的染病黄瓜植株。真菌身份首先通过形态学特征完成初步鉴定，随后以靶向内转录间隔区（ITS region）及物种特异性基因座的分子标记进行验证。从纯培养物中提取高质量基因组DNA，经二代测序（next-generation sequencing）生成双端读段（paired-end reads）。采用优化的生物信息学流程进行从头组装（de novo assembly），获得高质量的草图基因组。 该草图基因组为比较基因组学、流行病学研究以及毒力与宿主-病原菌互作的功能分析提供了重要的基因组资源。本数据集将助力病原菌检测分子标记的开发、种群结构分析，以及可持续病害防控策略的制定。此外，本生物项目（BioProject）丰富了菜豆壳球孢的全球基因组数据库，尤其是填补了中东地区分离株的相关数据空白，同时将支持未来旨在提升伊拉克黄瓜作物抗逆性与粮食安全的相关研究。