Studing of human biliary microbiota in case of Opisthorchis felineus infection

Samples of bile were donated by 56 residents of the Tomsk region of western Siberia, Russia. The microbiome of these samples of bile was investigated using high throughput Illumina based nucleotide sequencing targeting the 16S rRNA gene of prokaryotes, while cross-platform mass spectrometry was deployed to examine the metabolome of these biles. Bacteriobilia accompanied gall bladder disease and infection with Opisthorchis felineus. Numerous species of bacteria were deteted in all 56 bile samples, , although differences in the microbiota were evident in the presence of O. felineus. Increased diversity of microbial species was evident during infection (alpha diversity). At the level of phylum, bile from cases with opisthorchiasis showed greater numbers of Synergistetes, Spirochaetes, Planctomycetes and Gemmatimonadetes. Numbers of > 20 other microbes differed in bile of the infected compared to non-infected people, including the species-level bacterial phylotypes Paracoccus marcusii, Rothia dentocariosa, Parabacteroides distasonis and several Archaeans that were seen only in the liver fluke infected bile.

本研究的胆汁样本采集自俄罗斯西西伯利亚托木斯克地区的56名捐赠居民。针对这批胆汁样本的微生物组，本研究采用靶向原核生物16S rRNA基因的高通量Illumina核苷酸测序技术开展分析；同时依托跨平台质谱技术对这批胆汁的代谢组进行检测。胆管菌症（bacteriobilia）常与胆囊疾病及猫后睾吸虫（Opisthorchis felineus）感染伴随发生。所有56份胆汁样本中均检出多种细菌，但合并猫后睾吸虫感染的样本，其微生物组群落结构呈现显著差异。感染状态下的微生物物种α多样性（alpha diversity）显著提升。在门分类水平上，合并后睾吸虫病（opisthorchiasis）患者的胆汁样本中，互养菌门（Synergistetes）、螺旋体门（Spirochaetes）、浮霉菌门（Planctomycetes）和芽单胞菌门（Gemmatimonadetes）的相对丰度显著升高。与未感染者相比，感染者胆汁样本中另有20余种微生物的相对丰度存在显著差异，包括物种级细菌分类群马氏副球菌（Paracoccus marcusii）、龋齿罗氏菌（Rothia dentocariosa）、狄氏副拟杆菌（Parabacteroides distasonis），以及仅在肝吸虫感染胆汁中检出的若干古菌（Archaeans）。