Agronomic performance of both virus-infected and virus-free garlic with different seed bulbs and clove sizes

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth and production of a garlic clone subjected to either infection or virus-free conditions, according to bulb and clove size classification. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Treatments consisted of either virus-infected or virus-free cloves, obtained from bulbs of four size classes and from cloves with three sieve diameters. Vegetative characteristics and plant production were assessed. Plants infected by viral complexes showed a reduction in emergence (8.4%), plant height (9.8%), and production of marketable bulbs (39.4%), as well as a lower average mass of bulbs and cloves. The virus-free clone produced more bulbs in classes 5 (42-47 mm), 6 (47-56 mm), and 7 (> 56 mm), besides having a lower influence on marketable quality standards as a function of garlic seed size variation. In the infected clone, bulbs from sieve 6 and cloves from sieve 1 (15×25 mm) produced bulbs with the highest market value. Virus-free garlic seed, with bulbs and cloves of medium and large size, produce bulbs of the highest market value, whereas, for the infected garlic, this is possible only with the larger garlic size.

摘要：本研究旨在评估不同病毒感染与脱毒状态的大蒜株系在鳞茎及蒜瓣分级条件下的生长与产量表现。本试验采用完全随机区组设计，设置4次重复。处理组分为带病毒蒜瓣与脱毒蒜瓣，取材自4个鳞茎大小分级的种球及3个筛孔直径分级的蒜瓣。试验对植株的营养生长特性与产量性状进行了测定。感染病毒复合群的植株出苗率降低8.4%、株高降低9.8%、商品鳞茎产量降低39.4%，同时鳞茎与蒜瓣的平均单重更低。脱毒株系在鳞茎等级5（42-47 mm）、6（47-56 mm）与7（>56 mm）中可产出更多商品鳞茎，且大蒜种粒大小变化对其商品品质标准的影响更低。对于感染病毒的株系，筛孔等级6对应的种鳞茎以及筛孔1（15×25 mm）对应的蒜瓣所长出的鳞茎具有最高的商品价值。使用鳞茎与蒜瓣均为中大型的脱毒种蒜，可产出商品价值最高的鳞茎；而感染病毒的大蒜仅在种粒尺寸更大时，方可实现这一效果。