Diagnostic methods for identification of root-knot nematodes species from Brazil

ABSTRACT: The accurate identification of root-knot nematode (RKN) species (Meloidogyne spp.) is essential for implementing management strategies. Methods based on the morphology of adults, isozymes phenotypes and DNA analysis can be used for the diagnosis of RKN. Traditionally, RKN species are identified by the analysis of the perineal patterns and esterase phenotypes. For both procedures, mature females are required. Over the last few decades, accurate and rapid molecular techniques have been validated for RKN diagnosis, including eggs, juveniles and adults as DNA sources. Here, we emphasized the methods used for diagnosis of RKN, including emerging molecular techniques, focusing on the major species reported in Brazil.摘要：准确鉴定根结线虫（root-knot nematode, RKN）物种（根结线虫属<Meloidogyne spp.>），是制定并实施根结线虫防治策略的关键前提。基于成虫形态、同工酶表型与DNA分析的检测方法，均可用于根结线虫的诊断工作。传统根结线虫物种鉴定流程通常通过会阴花纹与酯酶表型分析完成，但两类操作均需以成熟雌虫作为实验材料。近数十年来，以卵、幼虫及成虫作为DNA提取样本的精准快速分子检测技术已被验证可用于根结线虫诊断。本文重点梳理了根结线虫诊断的各类方法，包括新兴分子检测技术，并聚焦于巴西境内已报道的主要根结线虫物种。