Allocation of time between genders and the labor market: an analysis between Married and single to Brazil

Abstract This paper analyzes the differences of wage and time allocation between married and single individuals in Brazil in order to understand how marriage is associated with the wage distribution, the hours of work and the time spent in domestic labor of men and women. For that purpose, we use data from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) for the year 2015 and we employ three different estimation methods for complex surveys: ordinary least squares, Propensity Score Weighting, and Propensity Score Matching. The results indicate that married men have higher wage and work hours than single men, whereas married women increase their likelihood of performing domestic labor, as well as the hours spent in such activities. We also find evidence that the time allocation between men and women is affected by the comparative advantage of the couple.摘要：本文针对巴西境内已婚与未婚群体的薪资与时间分配差异展开分析，旨在探究婚姻状况与男女薪资分布、工作时长及家务劳动投入时间的关联。为此，本文采用2015年全国住户抽样调查（National Household Sample Survey，PNAD）的数据，并针对复杂调查设计采用三种不同的估计方法：普通最小二乘法（ordinary least squares）、倾向得分加权法（Propensity Score Weighting）与倾向得分匹配法（Propensity Score Matching）。研究结果表明，已婚男性的薪资水平与工作时长均高于未婚男性；而已婚女性从事家务劳动的概率及此类活动的投入时长均有所提升。此外，本文还发现男女的时间分配会受到夫妻双方比较优势的影响。