DataSheet_9_Analysis of terpenoids and their gene regulatory networks on the basis of the transcriptome and metabolome of Opisthopappus longilobus.xlsx

Opisthopappus longilobus, which is a unique wild plant resource in China, produces leaves and flowers with distinct aromas. However, there have been relatively few molecular studies on its floral aroma, which has hindered the research on this plant species at the molecular level and the breeding of novel varieties. In this study, transcriptome and metabolome analyses were performed using O. longilobus leaves, buds, and inflorescences at the exposure, initial opening, and blooming stages. Using high-quality reads and assembly software, a total of 45,674 unigenes were annotated according to the Nr, Swiss-Prot, KOG, and KEGG databases. Additionally, a GC-MS system and a self-built database were used to detect 1,371 metabolites in the leaves, buds, and inflorescences. Terpene metabolites were the most common compounds (308 in total). We analyzed the gene network regulating terpenoid accumulation in O. longilobus and identified 56 candidate genes related to terpenoid synthesis. The expression of OlPMK2, OlMVK1, OlTPS1, and OlTPS3 may lead to the accumulation of 11 different terpenoids specifically in the inflorescences at the exposure, initial opening, and blooming stages. The generated data may be useful for future research on O. longilobus genetic resources and the molecular mechanism regulating aroma formation in this plant species. The findings of this study may be used to accelerate the breeding of new O. longilobus varieties with enhanced aromatic traits.

长柄厚叶菊（Opisthopappus longilobus）是中国特有的野生植物资源，其叶片与花朵具有独特香气。然而，针对其花香的分子研究相对较少，这阻碍了该物种的分子水平研究与新品种培育。本研究以长柄厚叶菊的叶片、花蕾以及处于暴露期、初开期和盛花期的花序为材料，开展转录组（transcriptome）与代谢组（metabolome）分析。借助高质量读长与组装软件，基于Nr、Swiss-Prot、KOG及KEGG数据库，共注释得到45674个单基因（unigene）。此外，本研究采用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）系统与自建数据库，在叶片、花蕾及花序中检测到1371种代谢物，其中萜类代谢物最为丰富，共计308种。我们分析了长柄厚叶菊中调控萜类物质积累的基因调控网络，筛选得到56个与萜类合成相关的候选基因。其中，OlPMK2、OlMVK1、OlTPS1及OlTPS3的表达，可促使处于暴露期、初开期和盛花期的花序特异性积累11种不同的萜类物质。本研究产生的数据可为长柄厚叶菊遗传资源的后续研究以及该物种香气形成的分子机制解析提供支撑。本研究结果可用于加速培育香气性状更优异的长柄厚叶菊新品种。