Human body region of injury.

Cattle-related injuries are a significant contributing factor in 84.3% of livestock-related incidents in Hokkaido Japan. The specific countermeasures to respond to its characteristics are needed because cattle move freely. This study examined the JA Kyosai mutual aid payment claim form data of the agricultural work-related incidents that occurred from 1st January 2013 to 31st December 2016. We extracted incidents coded ‘Cattle’ term on the ‘Causing Stuffs/Animals’ column as cattle-related injuries and analysed them. In four years, there were 227 cattle-related incidents and all were non-fatal cases. The most common age group of victims were in their 60s (37.9%). The Therapy duration was 1 to 243 days, with one day being the most common (10.1%); however, in 51.5% of the cases it required more than 30 days. The most common Activity at the moment of the incident was ‘bringing the cattle’ (22.5%), of which ‘leading the cattle by rope’ (56.9% of bringing) was most frequently mentioned. Even farmers with significant experience with cattle cannot control cattle proficiently. Neither can they predict cattle behaviour. Hence, cattle should be kept under protected contact. Since prevention of incidents has limits, harm reduction to farmers must be considered. In the short-term planning, isolated pathways and shock-absorbing lead rope are effective in preventing injuries. However, a more long-term perspective must consider, a fully automated system that reduces human contact with cattle on farms.在日本北海道地区，牛相关受伤事件占涉畜事故总量的84.3%，是引发此类事故的核心诱因之一。由于牛群活动自由度高、不受拘束，需针对其行为特性制定针对性防控方案。本研究针对2013年1月1日至2016年12月31日期间发生的农业作业事故，调取日本农业共济组合（JA Kyosai）的互助理赔表单数据开展分析，我们提取了表单中「致伤物品/动物」栏标注为‘Cattle’的事件，将其归类为牛相关受伤事件并进行系统性分析。四年间共统计到227起牛相关受伤事件，且全部为非致死案例。受害者年龄分布中，60~69岁年龄段占比最高，达37.9%。治疗时长介于1至243天不等，其中以1天最为常见（占比10.1%）；但另有51.5%的病例治疗时长超过30天。事故发生时最常见的作业行为为「赶运牛只」（占比22.5%），其中「以绳索牵引牛只」（占该类作业行为的56.9%）是提及频次最高的具体操作。即便拥有丰富养牛经验的农户，也无法熟练管控牛只，亦无法准确预判其行为模式。因此，人与牛只的互动需在受保护的接触模式下开展。鉴于事故预防存在固有局限性，需重点考量如何降低农户所受伤害。短期防控规划中，设置独立通行通道与使用减震牵引绳可有效降低受伤风险；而从长期视角出发，则需研发可减少农场内人与牛只直接接触的全自动化系统。