Data_set_Briquette Production and Characterization

Growth in agricultural produce processing will summon deeper exploitation of energy resources and influence climate change. Fruits are among the agricultural produce that require processing for value addition and extension of their shelf-life. However, their processing generates a sizeable amount of waste, creating a waste management problem, yet organic waste can be converted into suitable energy carriers. In this study, briquettes were developed from orange, mango, and jackfruit wastes. The briquette development process used cassava starch, cornstarch, and clay as binders, and a manual lever press for compaction. Physical and chemical properties were examined for both homogeneous and composite briquettes at varying binder concentrations. Moisture content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash content were examined using thermogravimetric analysis. Calorific values of the developed briquettes were determined with bomb calorimetry. Mechanical integrity was examined through drop strength and compressive strength. Thermal properties were examined using water boiling tests as well as the burning rates recorded during thermogravimetric analysis. Fixed carbon content ranged from 22.87% to 62.06%, ash content ranged from 6.55% to 57.20%, volatile matter content ranged from 15.71% to 39.41%, moisture content ranged from 4.21% to 13.66%, calorific value ranged from 17.55 MJ/kg to 32.24 MJ/kg, and compressive strength ranged from 0.125 N/mm2 to 0.471 N/mm2. Bulk density ranged from 413.21 kg/m3 to 580.1 kg/m3, and the drop strength ranged from 27.74% to 88.84%.This study showed that jackfruit waste, orange fruit waste, and mango fruit waste are suitable biomass options to produce briquettes using cassava starch as the binder of choice.

农产品加工业的发展，将催生对能源资源的更深层次开发，并对气候变化产生影响。水果是需要通过加工实现增值、延长货架期的农产品品类之一。然而其加工过程会产生大量废弃物，带来废弃物处理难题，但这类有机废弃物可被转化为合格的能源载体。
本研究以橙果废弃物、芒果废弃物及菠萝蜜废弃物为原料，制备成型压块燃料（briquette）。该成型压块燃料的制备过程以木薯淀粉、玉米淀粉及黏土作为黏合剂（binder），并采用手动杠杆式压机完成压制成型。针对不同黏合剂添加量下的均质成型压块与复合成型压块，分别测试其物理与化学特性：采用热重分析（thermogravimetric analysis）测定样品的含水率、挥发分、固定碳及灰分含量；采用氧弹量热法（bomb calorimetry）测定所制备成型压块的热值；通过跌落强度（drop strength）与抗压强度（compressive strength）测试评估其结构完整性；通过沸水试验及热重分析过程中记录的燃烧速率，测试其热学性能。
测试结果显示：固定碳含量介于22.87%~62.06%，灰分含量介于6.55%~57.20%，挥发分含量介于15.71%~39.41%，含水率介于4.21%~13.66%，热值介于17.55 MJ/kg~32.24 MJ/kg，抗压强度介于0.125 N/mm²~0.471 N/mm²；堆积密度（bulk density）介于413.21 kg/m³~580.1 kg/m³，跌落强度介于27.74%~88.84%。
本研究证实，橙果废弃物、芒果废弃物及菠萝蜜废弃物均为制备成型压块燃料的优质生物质原料，且木薯淀粉为首选黏合剂。