chicken gut metagenome Metagenome

Fecal microbiota transplants (FMT) may be used to improve chicken's feed efficiency (FE) via modulation of the intestinal microbiota and microbe-host signaling. This study investigated the effect of the administration of FMT from highly feed efficient donors early in life on the jejunal and cecal microbiota, visceral organ size, intestinal morphology, permeability, and expression of genes for nutrient transporters, barrier function and innate immune response in chickens of diverging FE. In order to modulate the gut microbiota towards a gut microbiota that improves feed efficiency, we investigated whether multiple administrations of a fecal microbial transplant from highly feed efficient donors in the first week post-hatch could improve feed efficiency in poorly feed efficient chickens. Differences in chicken jejunal and cecal microbiota composition and gut structure and functioning were assessed on 33 days post-hatch, and were related to chicken's residual feed intake (RFI; metric for feed efficiency), which was determined for the experimental period between day 9 and 30 post-hatch. At day 30 posthatch, chickens with extreme RFI values (low RFI = good feed efficiency; high RFI = poor feed efficiency) were selected, and only the 16S rRNA gene of DNA from jejunal and cecal samples from selected chickens was sequenced.

粪便微生物群移植（Fecal microbiota transplants, FMT）可通过调控肠道微生物群与微生物-宿主信号传导，改善家禽的饲料转化率（feed efficiency, FE）。本研究旨在探究早期接种高饲料转化率供体的粪便微生物群移植，对饲料转化率存在差异的家禽的空肠、盲肠微生物群，内脏器官尺寸、肠道形态、肠道通透性，以及营养转运蛋白、肠道屏障功能与先天免疫应答相关基因表达的影响。为将肠道微生物群调控至可改善饲料转化率的状态，本研究探究了在孵化后第一周多次接种高饲料转化率供体的粪便微生物移植，是否可改善低饲料转化率家禽的饲料转化率。本研究于孵化后第33天评估家禽空肠与盲肠微生物群组成、肠道结构与功能的差异，并将其与家禽的剩余采食量（residual feed intake, RFI；饲料转化率衡量指标）相关联——剩余采食量于孵化后第9至30天的实验周期内完成测定。在孵化后第30天，选取极端剩余采食量值的家禽（低RFI=优良饲料转化率；高RFI=低劣饲料转化率），仅对筛选出的家禽空肠与盲肠样本的DNA进行16S rRNA基因测序。