Table_1_Sound Vibration-Triggered Epigenetic Modulation Induces Plant Root Immunity Against Ralstonia solanacearum.XLSX

Sound vibration (SV) is one of the several environmental stimuli that induce physiological changes in plants including changes in plant immunity. Immune activation is a complicated process involving epigenetic modifications, however, SV-induced epigenetic modifications remain unexplored. Here, we performed an integrative analysis comprising chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and microRNA sequencing (miRNA-seq) to understand the role of SV-mediated epigenetic modifications in immune activation in Arabidopsis thaliana against the root pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum. Plants exposed to SV (10 kHz) showed abundant H3K27me3 modification in the promoter regions of aliphatic glucosinolate biosynthesis and cytokinin signaling genes, leading to transcriptional changes that promote immunity. Additionally, 10 kHz SV down-regulated miR397b expression, thus activating three target LACCASE transcripts that mediate cell wall reinforcement via lignin accumulation. Taken together, SV triggers epigenetic modification of genes involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis, defense hormone signaling, and pre-formed defense in A. thaliana, leading to the activation of plant immunity against R. solanacearum.

声振动（SV）是一类可诱导植物产生包括免疫改变在内的生理变化的环境刺激之一。免疫激活是一个涉及表观遗传修饰的复杂过程，但声振动诱导的表观遗传修饰仍未得到深入探究。本研究通过整合染色质免疫沉淀（ChIP）与微小RNA测序（miRNA-seq）的联合分析，解析了SV介导的表观遗传修饰在拟南芥抗根生病原菌青枯雷尔氏菌（Ralstonia solanacearum）的免疫激活过程中的作用机制。经10 kHz声振动处理的拟南芥植株，其脂肪族芥子油苷生物合成与细胞分裂素信号通路基因的启动子区域出现了大量H3K27me3修饰，进而引发促进免疫应答的转录变化。此外，10 kHz声振动还下调了miR397b的表达水平，从而激活其三个靶标漆酶（LACCASE）转录本，后者通过木质素积累介导细胞壁强化。综上，声振动可触发拟南芥中参与次生代谢产物生物合成、防御激素信号通路及预存防御的基因发生表观遗传修饰，进而激活植物针对青枯雷尔氏菌的免疫反应。