So-called Ceres

In ancient Roman religion, Ceres, a goddess of agriculture, grain crops, fertility and motherly relationships. She was originally the central deity in Rome's so-called plebeian or Aventine Triad, then was paired with her daughter Proserpina in what Romans described as the Greek rites of Ceres. Her seven-day April festival of Cerealia included the popular Ludi Ceriales (Ceres' games). She was also honoured in the May illustration of the fields at the Ambarvalia festival, at harvest-time, and during Roman marriages and funeral rites. Ceres is the only one of Rome's many agricultural deities to be listed among the Dii Consentes, Rome's equivalent to the Twelve Olympians of Greek mythology. The Romans saw her as the counterpart of the Greek goddess Demeter, whose mythology was reinterpreted for Ceres in Roman art and literature.

在古罗马宗教体系中，刻瑞斯（Ceres）是司掌农业、谷物作物、生育力与母性情谊的女神。她最初是罗马所谓平民三神（又称阿文廷三神，Aventine Triad）的核心神祇，之后与女儿普洛塞庇娜（Proserpina）组成祭仪搭档，形成罗马人所称的刻瑞斯希腊式祭仪。她在四月为期七日的塞拉利亚节（Cerealia）中拥有专属节庆，该节庆包含广受欢迎的塞拉利亚竞技会（Ludi Ceriales，即刻瑞斯竞技会）。此外，在阿姆巴尔瓦利亚节（Ambarvalia）的五月田野祭仪、收获时节，以及罗马的婚礼与丧葬仪式中，人们也会向她致以敬意。刻瑞斯是罗马众多农业神祇中，唯一被列入合议神祇（Dii Consentes）的成员——该神祇体系对应希腊神话中的十二主神（Twelve Olympians）。罗马人将她视作希腊女神得墨忒耳（Demeter）的对应神祇，后者的神话在罗马艺术与文学中被重新诠释，以适配刻瑞斯的宗教形象。