Impact of unpuddled transplanting and crop residue mulching on the yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.)

On-farm research was conducted at the Gouripur upazila under Mymensingh district of Bangladesh during boro (mid November- June) season in 2013-14 and 2014-15 to evaluate the performance of unpuddled rice cultivation with crop residue retention. The rice var. BRRI dhan28 was transplanted by two tillage practices viz., puddled conventional tillage (CT) and non-puddled strip tillage (ST), and two levels of crop residues viz., “no” residue (R0) and 50% residue (R50). The experiment was devised in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Results showed no significant yield differences between tillage practices and residue levels in 2013-14. But in the following year, ST yielded higher grains (5.72t ha-1), which was about 9.36% higher compared to CT. The higher grain yield in ST leading to 22.23% higher BCR than CT. Retention of 50% residue increased yield by 3.15% over no-residue, contributing to 10.58% higher BCR. The ST combined 50% residue produced the highest grain yield (5.81 t ha-1), which was credited to obtain the highest BCR (1.06).

2013-2014年与2014-2015年的boro季（11月中旬至次年6月），本研究于孟加拉国迈门辛县戈伊普尔乌帕齐拉开展田间试验，旨在评估秸秆还田条件下无搅浆水稻种植的表现。供试水稻品种为孟加拉水稻研究所（Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, BRRI）选育的BRRI dhan28，设置2种耕作方式：搅浆常规耕作（puddled conventional tillage, CT）与无搅浆条带耕作（non-puddled strip tillage, ST）；以及2种秸秆还田水平：无秸秆还田（R0）与50%秸秆还田（R50）。本试验采用随机完全区组设计，设置4次重复。2013-2014季，不同耕作方式与秸秆还田水平间的籽粒产量无显著差异。但次年（2014-2015季），无搅浆条带耕作（ST）的籽粒产量达5.72吨/公顷，较搅浆常规耕作（CT）提升约9.36%；该处理更高的籽粒产量使其效益成本比（Benefit-Cost Ratio, BCR）较CT高出22.23%。50%秸秆还田较无秸秆还田提升3.15%的籽粒产量，同时使效益成本比提升10.58%。无搅浆条带耕作配合50%秸秆还田的处理籽粒产量最高，达5.81吨/公顷，相应的效益成本比也为最高值（1.06）。