Multi-Station Trace Data from four Chilean Volcanoes: Nevados de Chillán Volcanic Complex, Villarrica, Laguna del Maule, and Puyehue-Cordón Caulle.

This dataset contains approximately 25,000 seismic events recorded by Observatorio Vulcanológico Andes Sur (OVDAS, SERNAGEOMIN) of four Chilean volcanoes: Nevados de Chillán Volcanic Complex (NVChVC), Villarrica (VCA), Laguna del Maule (LDM), and Puyehue-Cordón Caulle (CAU). Each event is stored as a NumPy array (.npy) of shape 14x8192. All arrays correspond to a 81.92-second (8192 samples @100Hz) window containing a single seismic event (or part of it, for longer events). 

The first 8 rows of each array contain data from 1 to 8 seismic stations, with stations that didn't record data filled with zero-valued arrays. The remaining 6 rows represent the true labels of the event at each sample in time:

Row 9 (Class 0) represents the background class (1 for no event, 0 when an event is present).

Rows 10 to 14 represent the five seismic event classes:

Class 1: Volcano-Tectonic (VT) Events

Class 2: Long-Period (LP) Events

Class 3: Tremor (TR) Events

Class 4: Avalanche (AV) Events

Class 5: Ice Quake (IC) Events

The dataset is broken down as follows:

NVChVC: 3068 VT, 1892 LP, 2360 TR, 805 AV, and 977 IC events, recorded from January 2017 to December 2022.

VCA: 1516 VT events, recorded from September 2012 to June 2023.

LDM: 6663 VT events, recorded from April 2012 to July 2023.

CAU: 2298 VT, 2081 LP, and 2833 TR events, recorded from April 2010 to June 2017.

All seismic signals were recorded at 100 Hz. Preprocessing steps include applying a bandpass filter between 1 and 15 Hz and normalizing amplitude by dividing each signal channel by the single maximum amplitude across the 8 channels.

The data was curated and manually reclassified for the article "A Framework for Real-Time Volcano-Seismic Event Recognition Based on Multi-Station Seismograms and Semantic Segmentation" (currently under review), and can be explored through codes available at: https://github.com/camilo-espinosa/volcano-seismic-segmentation.

The seismic data used in this research were recorded by the Observatorio Vulcanológico de los Andes del Sur (OVDAS, https://rnvv.sernageomin.cl/observatorio-volcanologico-de-los-andes-del-sur/), part of the Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería (SERNAGEOMIN, https://rnvv.sernageomin.cl/), Chile. Raw seismic signals for the Villarrica, Laguna del Maule, and Puyehue-Cordón Caulle volcanoes were obtained through a public information request process(https://www.consejotransparencia.cl/solicitud-informacionpublica/). The specific request codes are:

Laguna del Maule (2012-2023): AS004T0005608, AS004T0004571, AS004T0004553, AS004T0006050.

Puyehue-Cordón Caulle (2010-2017): AS004T0005484.

Villarrica (2010-2024): AS004T0004268, AS004T0005733, AS0004T0006292, AS004T0006637.

Data from Nevados del Chillán were provided through a cooperation agreement between Universidad de La Frontera and OVDAS.

本数据集包含智利四座火山的约25000个地震事件，数据由安第斯南部火山观测站（Observatorio Vulcanológico Andes Sur，缩写OVDAS）采集，该机构隶属于智利国家地质与矿业局（Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería，缩写SERNAGEOMIN）。这四座火山分别为：奇兰火山群（Nevados de Chillán Volcanic Complex，缩写NVChVC）、比亚里卡火山（Villarrica，缩写VCA）、毛勒湖火山（Laguna del Maule，缩写LDM）以及普耶韦-科东考列火山（Puyehue-Cordón Caulle，缩写CAU）。

每个事件以形状为14×8192的NumPy数组（.npy格式）存储。所有数组对应一段时长81.92秒的窗口（采样率100Hz，共8192个采样点），包含单个地震事件（对于更长的事件则截取其部分片段）。

每个数组的前8行对应1至8个地震台站的观测数据，未采集到有效数据的台站将以全零数组填充。剩余的6行则代表该事件在每个时间采样点上的真实标签：

第9行（类别0）为背景类别（标签1代表无事件发生，标签0代表存在地震事件）。

第10至14行对应5类地震事件类别：
类别1：火山构造地震（Volcano-Tectonic，VT）事件
类别2：长周期（Long-Period，LP）事件
类别3：震颤（Tremor，TR）事件
类别4：雪崩（Avalanche，AV）事件
类别5：冰震（Ice Quake，IC）事件

本数据集的具体分布如下：
奇兰火山群：2017年1月至2022年12月期间采集的VT事件3068个、LP事件1892个、TR事件2360个、AV事件805个以及IC事件977个。
比亚里卡火山：2012年9月至2023年6月期间采集的VT事件1516个。
毛勒湖火山：2012年4月至2023年7月期间采集的VT事件6663个。
普耶韦-科东考列火山：2010年4月至2017年6月期间采集的VT事件2298个、LP事件2081个以及TR事件2833个。

所有地震信号的采样率均为100Hz。数据预处理步骤包括：使用1至15Hz的带通滤波器进行滤波，并对幅值进行归一化处理——将每个信号通道的幅值除以8个通道中的全局最大幅值。

本数据集经整理与手动重标注，用于发表于论文《基于多台站地震图与语义分割的实时火山地震事件识别框架》（目前处于审稿阶段），相关探索代码可通过以下链接获取：https://github.com/camilo-espinosa/volcano-seismic-segmentation。

本研究使用的地震数据由智利国家地质与矿业局下属的安第斯南部火山观测站（OVDAS，https://rnvv.sernageomin.cl/observatorio-volcanologico-de-los-andes-del-sur/）采集获取。比亚里卡火山、毛勒湖火山以及普耶韦-科东考列火山的原始地震信号通过智利公共信息申请流程获取（申请链接：https://www.consejotransparencia.cl/solicitud-informacionpublica/），具体申请编号如下：
毛勒湖火山（2012-2023）：AS004T0005608、AS004T0004571、AS004T0004553、AS004T0006050。
普耶韦-科东考列火山（2010-2017）：AS004T0005484。
比亚里卡火山（2010-2024）：AS004T0004268、AS004T0005733、AS0004T0006292、AS004T0006637。

奇兰火山群的数据由拉弗龙特拉大学（Universidad de La Frontera）与OVDAS通过合作协议提供。