Inclusion and exclusion criteria.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic subjected the global population to a situation that aroused disproportionate Health Anxiety (HA). However, this association has not been explored in a systematic review or meta-analysis. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the prevalence and determining factors of HA in the general adult population during the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic search was conducted across the databases MEDLINE, PsychINFO, Embase and Web of Science. Observational studies using the 18-item Short Health Anxiety Inventory to measure HA during the pandemic were included. A narrative synthesis and meta-analysis summarised HA levels in the general adult population, subgroups and by associated factors. Out of 4088 studies, 12 met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses revealed a mean HA score of 15.16 (SE = 0.415). Significantly higher HA levels were observed among females, unmarried individuals, and those with pre-existing health conditions. The HA score of 15.16 suggests elevated HA during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to pre-pandemic studies. Understanding which groups may be more affected by HA during pandemics and health crises will enable us to develop more tailored public health strategies to mitigate the psychological effects of future public health crises. Further research is needed to establish causal and longitudinal relationships.2019冠状病毒病（coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19）大流行使全球民众陷入了引发不成比例健康焦虑（Health Anxiety, HA）的处境，但目前尚无针对该关联的系统综述或荟萃分析。本系统综述旨在评估COVID-19大流行期间普通成年人群的健康焦虑患病率及其决定因素。研究系统检索了MEDLINE、PsychINFO、Embase及Web of Science数据库，纳入了采用18项简明健康焦虑量表（18-item Short Health Anxiety Inventory）测量大流行期间健康焦虑的观察性研究。通过叙述性综合与荟萃分析，总结普通成年人群、各亚组及相关关联因素下的健康焦虑水平。在检索到的4088项研究中，共有12项符合纳入标准。荟萃分析结果显示，健康焦虑平均得分为15.16（标准误=0.415）。研究观察到女性、未婚个体及存在基础健康状况的人群，其健康焦虑水平显著更高。与大流行前的相关研究相比，本次15.16的平均得分提示，COVID-19大流行期间民众的健康焦虑水平有所升高。明确在大流行及公共卫生危机中更易受健康焦虑影响的人群，有助于制定更具针对性的公共卫生策略，以缓解未来公共卫生危机带来的心理影响。未来仍需开展相关研究以确立因果关系及纵向关联。