DataSheet_1_Effect of adjuvants on physicochemical properties of lime sulfur on flower/paraffin and application on flower thinning.xlsx

IntroductionAdjuvants can effectively enhance the utilization rate of pesticides, but the application of adjuvants in plant growth regulators is rarely studied.
MethodsThis work explored the effects of adjuvants dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt (AOT) and methyl oleate (MO) on lime sulfur (LS), especially the drop behavior on flower and paraffin surface.
ResultsThe results showed that the addition of AOT and AOT+MO can significantly reduce the static and dynamic surface tension of LS from 72mN/m to 28mN/m and 32mN/m respectively, and increase the spreading factor from 0.18 to 1.83 and 3.10 respectively, reduce the bounce factor from 2.72 to 0.37 and 0.27 respectively. The fluorescence tracer test showed that the addition of adjuvants could promote the spreading and permeation of droplets. The field test results revealed that the flower thinning rate of adjuvant and non-adjuvant were 80.55% and 54.4% respectively, and the flower thinning effect of adding adjuvant was the same as that of artificial which the flower thinning rate was 84.77%. The quality of apples treated with adjuvants was similar to that treated with artificial, and the weight of single fruit increased by 24.08% compared with CK (spray water).
DiscussionThe application of tank-mixture adjuvant could reduce the dosage of LS for thinning agent application, improve apple’s quality, and decrease labor cost and improve the economic benefits of fruit planting and the environmental benefits of plant growth regulators.

引言：助剂可有效提升农药的利用率，但目前关于助剂在植物生长调节剂领域的应用研究仍较为少见。
研究方法：本研究探讨了助剂琥珀酸二辛酯磺酸钠（dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt，AOT）与油酸甲酯（methyl oleate，MO）对石硫合剂（lime sulfur，LS）的影响，重点考察了液滴在花表面与石蜡表面的铺展行为。
结果与分析：研究结果表明，单独添加AOT以及AOT与MO复配时，均可显著降低石硫合剂的静态与动态表面张力，分别将其从72mN/m降至28mN/m与32mN/m；同时可将铺展系数从0.18分别提升至1.83与3.10，并将弹跳系数从2.72分别降至0.37与0.27。荧光示踪试验结果显示，添加助剂可促进液滴的铺展与渗透。田间试验结果表明，添加助剂与未添加助剂的疏花率分别为80.55%与54.4%，添加助剂的疏花效果与人工疏花（疏花率84.77%）相当。经助剂处理的苹果品质与人工疏花处理组相近，单果重量较清水对照（CK）提升24.08%。
讨论：桶混助剂的应用可降低疏花剂石硫合剂的使用剂量，改善苹果品质，同时降低人工成本，提升果树种植的经济效益与植物生长调节剂的环境效益。