Data_Sheet_1_Prevalence of malnutrition and its associated factors among 18,503 Chinese children aged 3–14 years.PDF

BackgroundChild malnutrition places a major burden on global public health. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of child malnutrition and identify its potential factors among children aged 3–14 years from Beijing and Tangshan.
MethodsWe cross-sectionally recruited 18,503 children aged 3–14 years from September 2020 to January 2022, according to a stratified cluster random sampling strategy. Child malnutrition was defined according to the World Health Organization criteria. Data were analyzed by STATA software and R language.
ResultsThe prevalence of malnutrition among 18,503 children was 10.93%. After multivariable adjustment, seven factors significantly associated with child malnutrition were parental education (adjusted odds ratio, 95% confidence interval, p: 1.52, 1.40 to 1.67, <0.001), family income (1.23, 1.16 to 1.30, <0.001), fast food intake frequency (1.14, 1.06 to 1.21, <0.001), night meals intake frequency (1.09, 1.04 to 1.15, <0.001), eating speed (1.01, 1.01 to 1.02, <0.001), maternal obesity (0.97, 0.95 to 0.99, <0.001), and paternal obesity (0.97, 0.96 to 0.98, <0.001). The seven significant factors had better prediction performance (area under the receiver operating characteristic, 0.956) for child malnutrition.
ConclusionApproximately 10% of Chinese children aged 3–14 years were in malnutrition status, and seven factors were found to be significant predictors for child malnutrition.

【背景】儿童营养不良给全球公共卫生带来沉重负担。本研究旨在估算北京与唐山地区3~14岁儿童营养不良的患病率，并明确其潜在影响因素。
【方法】本研究采用横断面研究设计，于2020年9月至2022年1月期间，通过分层整群随机抽样策略，招募了18503名3~14岁儿童。儿童营养不良的判定依据世界卫生组织（World Health Organization）标准，研究数据采用STATA软件与R语言进行分析。
【结果】18503名研究对象中，营养不良的患病率为10.93%。经多变量校正后，共7个因素与儿童营养不良存在显著关联：父母受教育程度（校正比值比、95%置信区间、P值：1.52、1.40~1.67，P<0.001）、家庭收入（1.23、1.16~1.30，P<0.001）、快餐摄入频率（1.14、1.06~1.21，P<0.001）、夜宵摄入频率（1.09、1.04~1.15，P<0.001）、进食速度（1.01、1.01~1.02，P<0.001）、母亲肥胖（0.97、0.95~0.99，P<0.001）以及父亲肥胖（0.97、0.96~0.98，P<0.001）。上述7个显著因素对儿童营养不良具有较好的预测效能，其受试者工作特征曲线下面积为0.956。
【结论】我国约10%的3~14岁儿童存在营养不良状况，本研究明确了7个儿童营养不良的显著预测因素。