E4warning_2021_Hospital Density_adminlevel2

Abstract: These maps of hospital density facilkities a are derived from the open source Open Street Maps (OSM). These are large datasets that underlie most of the satnav utilities and are continuously updated by members of the public. They are compiled by GEOFABRIK, and can be downloaded from https://www.geofabric.de. Health care data have been further enhanced by the Global Health Sites Mapping Project (https://healthsites.io). The data consist of locations (“points of interest”) and building outlines, and so are made up of points and polygon which are stored separately in the OSM files. Each record has a series of descriptors (“tags”) such as ‘amenity’ which may include descriptions such as hospital . These tags are provided by the people who add the data to the maps and they are multilingual and very variable. Most records contain additional more generic tags that can be used to identify classes of locations like hospitals or pharmacies. ERGO has taken the IO and OSM datasets, combined the polygon and point data, converted the polygons to points and removed any duplicates (where building outlines also have point location records), to produce and global datasets for healthcare and regional datasets for healthcare locations covering Europe and its neighboring countries. Later these data were transferred to a tif file to density of hospitals into Admin Level 2 .摘要：本研究中的医院密度设施地图源自开源开放街道地图（Open Street Maps，OSM）。该数据集体量庞大，是绝大多数车载导航工具的底层支撑数据，并由公众成员持续更新维护。数据集由GEOFABRIK整合编制，可从https://www.geofabric.de下载获取。全球医疗场所测绘项目（Global Health Sites Mapping Project，https://healthsites.io）进一步完善了其中的医疗健康相关数据。该数据集包含点位（即“兴趣点”）与建筑轮廓两类数据，由点要素与多边形要素构成，二者在OSM文件中分别存储。每条数据记录均包含一系列描述符（即“标签”），例如“amenity”（公共服务设施类型）标签，其可选值可包含“hospital”（医院）等描述。此类标签由上传地图数据的用户添加，支持多语言且取值差异较大。多数记录还包含更多通用标签，可用于识别医院、药房等场所类别。ERGO团队整合了IO与OSM数据集，合并多边形要素与点要素数据，将多边形要素转换为点要素，并移除重复记录（即建筑轮廓同时存在点位记录的情况），最终生成全球医疗健康数据集以及覆盖欧洲及其周边国家的区域医疗场所数据集。后续，该团队将数据转换为TIFF格式文件，以实现二级行政区域内的医院密度可视化。