Table 1_National-, institutional-, and individual-level determinants of dermatologic research excellence: an analysis of Stanford–Elsevier Lists of the top 2% scholars worldwide (2017–2023).docx

BackgroundSkin diseases contribute to a massive and often overlooked component of the global disease burden, highlighting the need for a better understanding of the dermatologic research landscape and its key drivers of excellence.
AimTo explore the national, institutional, and individual-level determinants that shape dermatologic research excellence worldwide.
MethodsWe analyzed the publicly available Stanford–Elsevier Lists of the top 2% most-cited scientists (2017–2023), extracting scholars classified in Dermatology & Venereal Diseases to identify excellent dermatologic scholars (EDS). EDS records were then linked, based on affiliation data, to country-level indicators (Universal Health Coverage [UHC], Human Development Index [HDI], Gender Inequality Index [GII], national budgets, and disease burden), institutional rankings (Quacquarelli Symonds [QS], Times Higher Education [THE], and Academic Ranking of World Universities [ARWU]), and individual attributes (gender and academic age). Outcomes were EDS counts by country/institution and scholar-level bibliometrics (citations excluding self-citations, modified H-index, and composite score).
ResultsEDS were overwhelmingly based in high-income countries (97.9% career-long; 94.5% single-year) with the EURO region contributing ~48% of EDS and exhibiting highest densities (0.585 and 0.482 per 100,000), while low-income settings had ~0.002. The top 20 institutions hosted ~21% of all EDS. Women comprised 22.9% (career-long) and 28.6% (single-year) of EDS; men had higher median citations and modified H-indices. Academic age correlated positively with modified H-index (ρ = 0.312 career-long) and C-score (ρ = 0.145 single-year), and each additional year predicted higher citations (β = 84.1 career-long; β = 2.6 single-year). In adjusted models, higher HDI and UHC aligned with higher citation counts.
ConclusionDermatologic research excellence remains concentrated in high-income, predominantly European and Anglophone ecosystems, within a small cadre of elite institutions and among older, male scholars. Policymakers should focus on targeted funding for under-represented regions and institutional reforms to ensure equitable career advancement for women in academic dermatology.

背景 皮肤病是全球疾病负担中规模庞大却常被忽视的组成部分，凸显了深入解析皮肤病学研究格局及其卓越研究核心驱动因素的迫切需求。
研究目的 旨在探究全球范围内影响皮肤病学卓越研究的国家、机构及个体层面的决定因素。
研究方法 本研究分析了公开可得的斯坦福-爱思唯尔（Stanford–Elsevier）2017-2023年全球前2%高被引科学家榜单，提取其中归类于皮肤病与性病学（Dermatology & Venereal Diseases）的学者，以识别优秀皮肤病学学者（Excellent Dermatologic Scholars, EDS）。随后基于隶属机构数据，将EDS记录与以下信息关联：国家层面指标（全民健康覆盖（Universal Health Coverage, UHC）、人类发展指数（Human Development Index, HDI）、性别不平等指数（Gender Inequality Index, GII）、国家预算及疾病负担）、机构排名指标（夸夸雷利·西蒙兹（Quacquarelli Symonds, QS）、《泰晤士高等教育》（Times Higher Education, THE）世界大学排名及世界大学学术排名（Academic Ranking of World Universities, ARWU）），以及个体特征（性别与学术年龄）。本研究的结局指标包括按国家/机构统计的EDS数量，以及学者层面的文献计量指标：排除自引的被引次数、修正H指数及综合得分。
研究结果 绝大多数EDS供职于高收入国家（职业生涯整体群体占比97.9%，单年度统计群体占比94.5%）；欧洲区域（EURO）贡献了约48%的EDS，且EDS密度最高（分别为每10万人0.585和0.482），而低收入地区的EDS密度仅约为每10万人0.002。排名前20的机构汇聚了约21%的全部EDS。女性EDS占职业生涯整体群体的22.9%、单年度统计群体的28.6%；男性的被引次数中位数及修正H指数均更高。学术年龄与修正H指数（职业生涯整体：ρ=0.312）及综合得分（单年度：ρ=0.145）呈正相关；每增加1年学术年龄，被引次数均显著提升（职业生涯整体：β=84.1；单年度：β=2.6）。在校正后的模型中，更高的人类发展指数与全民健康覆盖水平对应更高的被引次数。
结论 皮肤病学领域的卓越研究仍集中于高收入、以欧洲和英语国家为主的生态体系，依托少数精英机构，且多见于年长男性学者。政策制定者应聚焦于为代表性不足的地区提供定向资助，并推进机构改革，以保障女性在学术皮肤病学领域获得公平的职业晋升机会。