Data from: White Is a New Shade of Blue Carbon: A Case Study of a Traditional Salt Production Pond that is a Net Carbon Sink

These datasets support the scientific article " White is a new shade of blue carbon: traditional salt production ponds are net carbon sinks" (submitted). It contains detailed data on the data used to estimate sedimentary organic carbon sequestration rates, organic carbon stocks, and carbon dioxide and methane fluxes in a saltpond in South Portugal. The datasets are accompanied by analysis code, available at GitHub repository, allowing for reproducibility and further exploration of the data. The data is composed by 7 datasets with the following variables: data_cores.csv. Contains properties related to the sampling of the sediment cores. core_id [character] - unique core identification code used in the field. tank_code [character] - tank identification where the core were sampled. replicate [character] - replicate number of the core in each pond. core_depth [numeric] - depth sampled with the core (in centimeters). sample_length_lab [numeric] - length of the sampled core measured in the laboratory (in centimeters). compaction_correction_factor [numeric] - fraction of the sample depth interval reduced due to compaction. It is calculated by dividing the core length by the core depth. compaction [numeric] - core compaction in percentage (%). It is calculated as 100*(1 - compaction_correction_factor). data_samples.csv. Contains properties of the sediment samples. tank_code [character] - tank identification where the core were sampled. replicate [character] - replicate number of the core in each pond. core_id [character] - unique core identification code used in the field. sample_id [character] - unique sample identification code (obtained by concatenating the core id and the minimum non-corrected depth of the sample). depth_middle [numeric] - middle depth of a sampling increment, calculating as the average of depth_min and depth_max (in centimeters). Corrected for compaction. depth_min [numeric] - minimum depth of a sampling increment, corrected for compaction (in centimeters). Corrected for compaction. depth_max [numeric] - maximum depth of a sampling increment, corrected for compaction (in centimeters). Corrected for compaction. sample_volume [numeric] - volume of the sediment sample, corrected for compaction (in cubic centimeters). Corrected for compaction. sample_dw [numeric] - dry mass of the sample (in grams of dry weight). percentage_organic_matter [numeric] - mass of organic matter relative to sample dry mass, obtained by loss-on-ignition (in percentage of dry weight). percentage_total_carbon [numeric] - mass of total carbon relative to sample dry mass, obtained by CHN analysis (as a percentage of dry weight). percentage_inorganic_carbon [numeric] - mass of inorganic carbon relative to sample dry mass, obtained by CHN analysis in samples after being subjected to LOI (as a percentage of dry weight). percentage_organic_carbon [numeric] - mass of organic carbon relative to sample dry mass, obtained by the difference of the percentage total organic carbon and percentage inorganic carbon contents (as a percentage of dry weight). dry_bulk_density [numeric] - dry mass per unit volume of the sample. This is calculated as the sample_dw divided by the sample_dw (in grams of dry weight per cubic centimeter). data_rates.csv. Contains calculation of the etiamted sedimentation rate. core_id [character] - unique core identification code used in the field. tank_code [character] - tank identification where the core were sampled. replicate [character] - replicate number of the core in each pond. compaction_correction_factor [numeric] - fraction of the sample depth interval reduced due to compaction. It is calculated by dividing the core length by the core depth. om_layer [numeric] - depth of the organic matter (OM)-rich layer (corrected for compaction), in centimeters. sample_length_lab [numeric] - length of the sampled core measured in the laboratory (in centimeters). age [numeric] - estimated minimum age of the pond, in years. sar [numeric] - sediment accumulation rate for the OM-rich layer, in millimieters per year. depth49 [numeric] - depth of the sediment with an age of 49 years, which is the time since the last main reconfiguration of the ponds, in centimeters. data_fluxes_individual.csv season [factor] - sampling season. site [factor] - sampling site. day and time [daytime] - sampling date and time, as DDMMYYYY and HH:MM. water temperature [numeric] - temperature of water in the ponds, in Celsius degree. dissolved oxygen [numeric] - dissolved oxygen in the water of the ponds, in mg L-1. wind velocity [numeric] - wind speed recorded at 5 meters above water surface of the ponds, in meters s-1. pH [numeric] - pH of water in the ponds, no units. salinity [numeric] - salinity of water in the ponds, in practical salinity units (PSU). individual CH4 rate [numeric] - methane flux rate, in umol CH4 m-2 h-1. individual CO2 rate [numeric] - carbon dioxide flux rate, in umol CO2 m-2 h-1. total CO2-eq rate [numeric] - CO2 equivalent flux rate, obtained by multiplying CH4 flux rate by 28 and summed to the CO2 flux rate, in umol CO2-eq m-2 h-1. minutes from 00:00 [numeric] - minutes from start of the first sampling day. delta time minutes [numeric] - delta time, obtained as the difference in minutes between consecutive incubations, in minutes. Last value is calculated to complete a full day. delta time hours [numeric] - delta time, calculated by dividing delta minutes by 60, in hours. rate CH4 for time integration [numeric] - rate of integration of CH4, calculated as the average of consecutive individual CH4 rates, in umol CH4 m-2 h-1. rate CO2 for time integration [numeric] - rate of integration of CO2, calculated as the average of consecutive individual CO2 rates, in umol CO2 m-2 h-1. CH4 integration rate over delta time [numeric] - CH4 flux rate integrated over the incubation time, obtained by multiplying the rate CH4 for time integration by delta time (hours), in umol CH4 m-2. CO2 integration rate over delta time [numeric] - CO2 flux rate integrated over the incubation time, obtained by multiplying the rate CO2 for time integration by delta time (hours), in umol CO2 m-2. data_fluxes_daily_seasonal.csv season [factor] - sampling season. site [factor] - sampling site. daily CH4 flux rate [numeric] - CH4 flux rate integrated over the day, obtained by summing CH4 integration rate over delta time, in mmol CH4 m-2 day-1. daily CO2 flux rate [numeric] - CO2 flux rate integrated over the day, obtained by summing CO2 integration rate over delta time, in mmol CO2 m-2 day-1. daily CH4 flux rate [numeric] - CH4 flux rate integrated over the day converted to CO2-eq by multipling by 28, in mmol CO2-eq m-2 day-1. daily total flux rate [numeric] - total flux rate integrated over the day, obained by summing daily CH4 as CO2-eq and daily CO2 flux rate, in mmol CO2-eq m-2 day-1. season duration [numeric] - number of days of each season, in days. seasonal CH4 flux rate [numeric] - CH4 flux rate integrated over the season, in mmol CH4 m-2 season-1. seasonal CO2 flux rate [numeric] - CO2 flux rate integrated over the season, in mmol CO2 m-2 season-1. seasonal CH4 flux rate [numeric] - CH4 flux rate integrated over the season converted to CO2-eq by multipling by 28, in mmol CO2-eq m-2 season-1. seasonal total flux rate [numeric] - total flux rate integrated over season, obtained by summing seasonal CH4 flux rate as CO2-eq with seasonal CO2 flux rate, in mmol CO2-eq m-2 season-1. seasonal total flux rate [numeric] - total flux rate integrated over the season, calculated by multiplying by 44.01, in g CO2-eq m-2 season-1. data_rates_net.csv origin [factor] - origin of the value (site 1, 2 and 3). annual total flux rate [numeric] - total flux rate integrated over the year, calculated by summing seasonal total flux rates for each site, in g CO2-eq m-2 year-1. annual burial rate [numeric] - burial rate in the sediment, in g CO2-eq m-2 year-1. annual net rate [numeric] - burial rate in the sediment, in g CO2-eq m-2 year-1. data_rates_annual.csv annual CH4 flux rate [numeric] - average CH4 flux rate integrated over the year, calculated as the sum of seasonal CH4 flux rates, in mmol CH4 m-2 year-1. annual CO2 flux rate [numeric] - average CO2 flux rate integrated over the year, calculated as the sum of seasonal CO2 flux rates, in mmol CH4 m-2 year-1. annual total flux rate [numeric] - total flux rate integrated over year, calculated by multiplying annual CH4 flux rate by 28 and summing to the annual CO2 flux rate, mmol CO2-eq m-2 year-1. annual total flux rate [numeric] - total flux rate integrated over year, calculated by summing seasonal total flux rates, in g CO2-eq m-2 year-1. annual total flux rate [numeric] - total flux rate integrated over year, obtained by multiplying the total flux rate by the area of the saltern, in Mg CO2-eq year-1.本数据集支撑已投稿的学术论文《白是蓝碳的新色调：传统盐田为净碳汇》。数据集包含用于估算葡萄牙南部一处盐田的沉积有机碳固存速率、有机碳储量，以及二氧化碳与甲烷通量的详细实测数据。 本数据集配套有分析代码，可通过GitHub仓库获取，以保障研究可复现性并支持对数据的进一步探索。 本数据集共包含7个子数据集，各子数据集的变量信息如下： ### data_cores.csv 存储与沉积物岩芯采样相关的属性信息： - core_id [字符型]：野外采样使用的岩芯唯一标识代码 - tank_code [字符型]：岩芯采样所在盐池的标识代码 - replicate [字符型]：单盐池内岩芯的重复采样编号 - core_depth [数值型]：岩芯采样深度（单位：厘米） - sample_length_lab [数值型]：实验室测量的采样岩芯长度（单位：厘米） - compaction_correction_factor [数值型]：因压实作用导致的采样深度区间缩减比例，计算公式为岩芯长度除以采样深度 - compaction [数值型]：岩芯压实率（单位：%），计算公式为100*(1 - 压实校正系数) ### data_samples.csv 存储沉积物样品的属性信息： - tank_code [字符型]：该样品所在岩芯的采样盐池标识代码 - replicate [字符型]：单盐池内对应岩芯的重复采样编号 - core_id [字符型]：野外采样使用的岩芯唯一标识代码 - sample_id [字符型]：样品唯一标识代码，由岩芯标识与样品未校正最小深度拼接生成 - depth_middle [数值型]：采样增量的中间深度（单位：厘米），经压实校正，为depth_min与depth_max的平均值 - depth_min [数值型]：采样增量的最小深度（单位：厘米），经压实校正 - depth_max [数值型]：采样增量的最大深度（单位：厘米），经压实校正 - sample_volume [数值型]：经压实校正后的沉积物样品体积（单位：立方厘米） - sample_dw [数值型]：样品干重（单位：克干重） - percentage_organic_matter [数值型]：样品干重中有机质所占百分比，通过灼烧减重法（LOI）测得 - percentage_total_carbon [数值型]：样品干重中总碳所占百分比，通过CHN元素分析法测得 - percentage_inorganic_carbon [数值型]：样品干重中无机碳所占百分比，对经灼烧减重预处理后的样品进行CHN元素分析测得 - percentage_organic_carbon [数值型]：样品干重中有机碳所占百分比，由总碳百分比与无机碳百分比的差值计算得到 - dry_bulk_density [数值型]：样品单位体积的干物质质量（单位：克干重/立方厘米），计算公式为样品干重除以样品体积 ### data_rates.csv 存储估算得到的沉积速率相关计算结果： - core_id [字符型]：野外采样使用的岩芯唯一标识代码 - tank_code [字符型]：岩芯采样所在盐池的标识代码 - replicate [字符型]：单盐池内岩芯的重复采样编号 - compaction_correction_factor [数值型]：因压实作用导致的采样深度区间缩减比例，计算公式为岩芯长度除以采样深度 - om_layer [数值型]：富有机质（OM）层的深度（经压实校正，单位：厘米） - sample_length_lab [数值型]：实验室测量的采样岩芯长度（单位：厘米） - age [数值型]：盐池的估算最小存续年限（单位：年） - sar [数值型]：富有机质层的沉积堆积速率（单位：毫米/年） - depth49 [数值型]：对应49年沉积年龄的沉积物深度——该年龄对应盐池上次大规模改造至今的时长，单位：厘米 ### data_fluxes_individual.csv 存储单次采样的通量相关数据： - season [因子型]：采样季节 - site [因子型]：采样点位 - day_and_time [字符型]：采样日期与时间，格式为DDMMYYYY 与 HH:MM - water_temperature [数值型]：盐池水体温度（单位：摄氏度） - dissolved_oxygen [数值型]：盐池水体溶解氧浓度（单位：mg·L⁻¹） - wind_velocity [数值型]：盐池水面上方5米处记录的风速（单位：m·s⁻¹） - pH [数值型]：盐池水体pH值，无单位 - salinity [数值型]：盐池水体盐度（单位：实用盐度单位，PSU） - individual_CH4_rate [数值型]：甲烷通量速率（单位：μmol CH4·m⁻²·h⁻¹） - individual_CO2_rate [数值型]：二氧化碳通量速率（单位：μmol CO2·m⁻²·h⁻¹） - total_CO2eq_rate [数值型]：二氧化碳当量通量速率，计算公式为甲烷通量速率乘以28后与二氧化碳通量速率求和，单位：μmol CO₂-eq·m⁻²·h⁻¹ - minutes_from_00:00 [数值型]：距首个采样日00:00的分钟数 - delta_time_minutes [数值型]：时间间隔（单位：分钟），为连续两次培养之间的分钟差值，最后一个值用于补足完整单日时长 - delta_time_hours [数值型]：时间间隔（单位：小时），由delta_time_minutes除以60计算得到 - rate_CH4_time_integration [数值型]：甲烷积分速率，为连续两次单次甲烷通量速率的平均值，单位：μmol CH4·m⁻²·h⁻¹ - rate_CO2_time_integration [数值型]：二氧化碳积分速率，为连续两次单次二氧化碳通量速率的平均值，单位：μmol CO2·m⁻²·h⁻¹ - CH4_integration_rate_delta_time [数值型]：培养时长内的甲烷累积通量，由rate_CH4_time_integration乘以delta_time_hours计算得到，单位：μmol CH4·m⁻² - CO2_integration_rate_delta_time [数值型]：培养时长内的二氧化碳累积通量，由rate_CO2_time_integration乘以delta_time_hours计算得到，单位：μmol CO2·m⁻² ### data_fluxes_daily_seasonal.csv 存储日尺度与季节尺度的通量数据： - season [因子型]：采样季节 - site [因子型]：采样点位 - daily_CH4_flux_rate [数值型]：单日甲烷累积通量，为单日各时段CH4_integration_rate_delta_time的求和结果，单位：mmol CH4·m⁻²·d⁻¹ - daily_CO2_flux_rate [数值型]：单日二氧化碳累积通量，为单日各时段CO2_integration_rate_delta_time的求和结果，单位：mmol CO2·m⁻²·d⁻¹ - daily_CH4_CO2eq_flux_rate [数值型]：单日甲烷累积通量换算得到的二氧化碳当量通量，由daily_CH4_flux_rate乘以28得到，单位：mmol CO₂-eq·m⁻²·d⁻¹ - daily_total_flux_rate [数值型]：单日总二氧化碳当量通量，为daily_CH4_CO2eq_flux_rate与daily_CO2_flux_rate的求和结果，单位：mmol CO₂-eq·m⁻²·d⁻¹ - season_duration [数值型]：单季采样持续天数（单位：天） - seasonal_CH4_flux_rate [数值型]：单季甲烷累积通量，单位：mmol CH4·m⁻²·season⁻¹ - seasonal_CO2_flux_rate [数值型]：单季二氧化碳累积通量，单位：mmol CO2·m⁻²·season⁻¹ - seasonal_CH4_CO2eq_flux_rate [数值型]：单季甲烷累积通量换算得到的二氧化碳当量通量，由seasonal_CH4_flux_rate乘以28得到，单位：mmol CO₂-eq·m⁻²·season⁻¹ - seasonal_total_flux_rate [数值型]：单季总二氧化碳当量通量，为seasonal_CH4_CO2eq_flux_rate与seasonal_CO2_flux_rate的求和结果，单位：mmol CO₂-eq·m⁻²·season⁻¹ - seasonal_total_flux_rate_g [数值型]：单季总二氧化碳当量通量（以克为单位），由seasonal_total_flux_rate乘以44.01计算得到，单位：g CO₂-eq·m⁻²·season⁻¹ ### data_rates_net.csv 存储净速率相关计算结果： - origin [因子型]：数据值的来源点位（点位1、2、3） - annual_total_flux_rate [数值型]：年总二氧化碳当量通量，为单点位各季节total_flux_rate的求和结果，单位：g CO₂-eq·m⁻²·yr⁻¹ - annual_burial_rate [数值型]：沉积物碳埋藏速率，单位：g CO₂-eq·m⁻²·yr⁻¹ - annual_net_rate [数值型]：沉积物碳埋藏速率，单位：g CO₂-eq·m⁻²·yr⁻¹ ### data_rates_annual.csv 存储年尺度速率相关计算结果： - annual_CH4_flux_rate [数值型]：年平均甲烷累积通量，为单点位各季节seasonal_CH4_flux_rate的求和结果，单位：mmol CH4·m⁻²·yr⁻¹ - annual_CO2_flux_rate [数值型]：年平均二氧化碳累积通量，为单点位各季节seasonal_CO2_flux_rate的求和结果，单位：mmol CO₂·m⁻²·yr⁻¹ - annual_total_flux_rate1 [数值型]：年总二氧化碳当量通量，由annual_CH4_flux_rate乘以28后与annual_CO2_flux_rate求和得到，单位：mmol CO₂-eq·m⁻²·yr⁻¹ - annual_total_flux_rate2 [数值型]：年总二氧化碳当量通量，为单点位各季节seasonal_total_flux_rate的求和结果，单位：g CO₂-eq·m⁻²·yr⁻¹ - annual_total_flux_rate3 [数值型]：盐田年总二氧化碳当量通量，由annual_total_flux_rate2乘以盐田面积计算得到，单位：Mg CO₂-eq·yr⁻¹