Weather- and climate-driven power supply and demand time series for European countries

This repository contains times series of of wind power generation, solar power generation, hydropower inflow, heating demand, and cooling demand that uses both historical and projected climate variables. Historical climate data are from the ERA5 reanalysis (1940-2023), while projected climate variables are from three climate models of the CMIP5 EURO-CORDEX (2006-2100) and three representative concentration pathways (RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5). The time series are at country level for the EU27 countries, Balkan countries, the United Kingdom, Norway, and Switzerland. Each country has the following files for the historical period, where ** is the country’s ISO Alpha-2 code: 1) **__ERA5__wind__capacity_factor_time_series__onshore.nc2) **__ERA5__wind__capacity_factor_time_series__offshore.nc3) **__ERA5__solar__capacity_factor_time_series.nc4) **__ERA5__hydropower__inflow_time_series__conventional_and_pumped_storage.nc5) **__ERA5__hydropower__inflow_time_series__run_of_river.nc6) **__ERA5__heating__demand_time_series__residential_space.nc7) **__ERA5__heating__demand_time_series__services_space.nc8) **__ERA5__cooling__demand_time_series.nc Each country has also the following files for the climate projections, where ** is the country’s ISO Alpha-2 code, #_# is the value of the RCP scenario (e.g., 2_6 is RCP 2.6), ££££__&&&& is the name of the combination of global-regional climate models (e.g., CNRM_CERFACS_CM5__CNRM_ALADIN63): 9) **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__wind__capacity_factor_time_series__onshore.nc10) **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__wind__capacity_factor_time_series__offshore.nc11) **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__solar__capacity_factor_time_series.nc12) **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__hydropower__inflow_time_series__conventional_and_pumped_storage.nc13) **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__hydropower__inflow_time_series__run_of_river.nc14) **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__heating__demand_time_series__residential_space.nc15) **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__heating__demand_time_series__services_space.nc16) **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__cooling__demand_time_series.nc The repository also contains the caliration coefficients that resulted from the calibration procedure for the countries in which data were available.本仓库涵盖风电、光伏发电、水电入库流量、供热需求及制冷需求的时序数据集，其数据源融合了历史与预估气候变量。其中，历史气候数据取自1940-2023年的ERA5再分析（ERA5 reanalysis）数据集；预估气候变量则来自CMIP5 EURO-CORDEX的3个气候模式（2006-2100年），以及3种典型浓度路径（representative concentration pathways, RCP 2.6、RCP 4.5与RCP 8.5）。本数据集的时序维度覆盖欧盟27国、巴尔干半岛国家、英国、挪威及瑞士的国家尺度。 针对每个国家的历史时段，提供以下文件（其中**为该国的ISO Alpha-2代码（ISO Alpha-2 code））： 1) **__ERA5__wind__capacity_factor_time_series__onshore.nc 2) **__ERA5__wind__capacity_factor_time_series__offshore.nc 3) **__ERA5__solar__capacity_factor_time_series.nc 4) **__ERA5__hydropower__inflow_time_series__conventional_and_pumped_storage.nc 5) **__ERA5__hydropower__inflow_time_series__run_of_river.nc 6) **__ERA5__heating__demand_time_series__residential_space.nc 7) **__ERA5__heating__demand_time_series__services_space.nc 8) **__ERA5__cooling__demand_time_series.nc 针对每个国家的气候预估场景，同样提供以下文件（其中**为该国的ISO Alpha-2代码（ISO Alpha-2 code），#_#为典型浓度路径的数值，例如2_6对应RCP 2.6；££££__&&&&为全球-区域气候模式组合（global-regional climate models）的名称，例如CNRM_CERFACS_CM5__CNRM_ALADIN63）： 9) **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__wind__capacity_factor_time_series__onshore.nc 10) **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__wind__capacity_factor_time_series__offshore.nc 11) **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__solar__capacity_factor_time_series.nc 12) **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__hydropower__inflow_time_series__conventional_and_pumped_storage.nc 13) **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__hydropower__inflow_time_series__run_of_river.nc 14) **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__heating__demand_time_series__residential_space.nc 15) **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__heating__demand_time_series__services_space.nc 16) **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__cooling__demand_time_series.nc 本仓库还包含针对有可用数据的国家，通过校准流程得到的校准系数。