Next generation global ice-ocean-biogeochemistry coupled model with 13C-cycling (GFDL MOM5-BLING13C)

======= DESCRIPTION ======= This is the model output supporting our paper <em>A next generation ocean carbon isotope model for climate studies I: Steady state controls on ocean ¹³C</em> (2021 Global Biogeochemical Cycles). This model output simulates the transient response of ocean carbon biogeochemistry to anthropogenic CO₂ and ¹³CO₂ atmospheric emissions with a nominal lateral resolution of 1° and 50 vertical levels. The model uses the NOAA's Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) MOM5 coupled to the NOAA-GFDL Biogeochemistry with Light Iron Nutrients and Gas (BLING) with ¹³C-cycling. Atmospheric forcing is prescribed using the repeating annual cycle of the Common Ocean Reference Experiment version 2 normal year forcing dataset (COREv2-NYF). The implementation of ¹³C-cycling applies isotopic fractionations during air-sea gas exchange, photosynthetic production of organic matter, and formation of calcium carbonate. The sensitivity of dissolved inorganic ¹³C in the ocean to the CO₂ gas exchange rate is explored by repeating the simulation twice, once using the latest OMIP-CMIP6 protocol for the k-U₁₀parameterization (standard) and once using the previous OCMIP2 protocol (fast-gas-exchange). Files information: <strong>ocean_static.nc</strong>: Static fields (longitude, latitude, area). <strong>1990-2002.ocean_month.nc</strong>: Monthly output between 1990 and 2002 of ocean physical variables (temperature, salinity, averaged mixed layer depth, maximum mixed layer depth). <strong>1990-2002.ocean_bling_trc_month_CMIP6.nc</strong>: Monthly output between 1990 and 2002 of biogeochemical variables* for the simulation using the OMIP-CMIP6 air-sea gas exchange protocol. <strong>1970_1989_d13c_org_mldave_CMIP6.nc</strong>: Monthly output between 1970 and 1989 of d¹³C of organic matter averaged over the mixed layer. <strong>1990-2002.ocean_bling_trc_month_OCMIP2.nc</strong>: Monthly output between 1990 and 2002 of biogeochemical variables* for the simulation using the OCMIP2 air-sea gas exchange protocol. * Biogeochemical variables are dissolved inorganic carbon, dissolved inorganic carbon-13, oxygen, and dissolved inorganic phosphate. ======= HOW TO CITE ======= This model output can be freely distributed, but please cite it using the following paper: Claret, M., Sonnerup, R. E., &amp; Quay, P. D. (2021). A next generation ocean carbon isotope model for climate studies I: Steady state controls on ocean ¹³C. <em>Global Biogeochemical Cycles</em>, 35, e2020GB006757. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GB006757 ======= ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ======= This work was funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF-OCE 1356756 and NSF-OCE 1829796). We would also like to acknowledge high-performance computing support from Cheyenne (doi:10.5065/D6RX99HX) provided by NCAR's Computational and Information Systems Laboratory, sponsored by the NSF. ======= QUESTIONS AND REQUESTS? ======= Please contact Mariona Claret ([e-mail]) or Rolf Sonnerup ([e-mail]).【数据集说明】 本数据集为论文《用于气候研究的下一代海洋碳同位素模型 Ⅰ：海洋¹³C的稳态调控机制》（发表于2021年《全球生物地球化学循环（Global Biogeochemical Cycles）》）配套的模型输出结果。本模型输出模拟了海洋碳生物地球化学过程对人为源CO₂及¹³CO₂大气排放的瞬态响应，模型标称水平分辨率为1°，垂直分层共50层。 本模型采用美国国家海洋和大气管理局（National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA）地球物理流体动力学实验室（Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, GFDL）的MOM5模式，耦合搭载了¹³C循环模块的NOAA-GFDL轻铁营养盐与气体生物地球化学模式（Biogeochemistry with Light Iron Nutrients and Gas, BLING）。大气强迫场采用通用海洋参考试验第2版标准年强迫数据集（Common Ocean Reference Experiment version 2 Normal Year Forcing, COREv2-NYF）的循环年周期数据进行预设。 本¹³C循环模块在海-气气体交换、有机物质光合生产以及碳酸钙形成过程中引入了同位素分馏效应。为探究海洋溶解态无机¹³C对CO₂气体交换速率的敏感性，本研究开展了两组重复模拟试验：一组采用最新的OMIP-CMIP6（Ocean Model Intercomparison Project-Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6）协议（k-U₁₀参数化方案，记为标准组），另一组采用过往的OCMIP2（Ocean Carbon Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2）协议（记为快气体交换组）。 ### 文件说明 <strong>ocean_static.nc</strong>：包含静态场数据（经度、纬度、海域面积）。 <strong>1990-2002.ocean_month.nc</strong>：包含1990年至2002年的海洋物理变量逐月输出数据，变量包括海水温度、盐度、平均混合层深度以及最大混合层深度。 <strong>1990-2002.ocean_bling_trc_month_CMIP6.nc</strong>：采用OMIP-CMIP6海-气气体交换协议的模拟试验中，1990年至2002年的生物地球化学变量*逐月输出数据。 <strong>1970_1989_d13c_org_mldave_CMIP6.nc</strong>：1970年至1989年的混合层平均有机质δ¹³C逐月输出数据。 <strong>1990-2002.ocean_bling_trc_month_OCMIP2.nc</strong>：采用OCMIP2海-气气体交换协议的模拟试验中，1990年至2002年的生物地球化学变量*逐月输出数据。 * 注：生物地球化学变量包括溶解态无机碳、溶解态无机¹³C、溶解氧以及溶解态无机磷酸盐。 【引用方式】 本数据集可自由分发，请按照以下文献进行引用：Claret, M., Sonnerup, R. E., & Quay, P. D. (2021). 用于气候研究的下一代海洋碳同位素模型 Ⅰ：海洋¹³C的稳态调控机制. <em>全球生物地球化学循环（Global Biogeochemical Cycles）</em>, 35, e2020GB006757. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GB006757 【致谢】 本研究受美国国家科学基金会（National Science Foundation, NSF）资助（项目编号：NSF-OCE 1356756与NSF-OCE 1829796）。同时感谢美国国家科学基金会资助的美国国家大气研究中心（National Center for Atmospheric Research, NCAR）计算与信息系统实验室提供的Cheyenne超算资源支持（doi:10.5065/D6RX99HX）。 【疑问与咨询】 如有任何问题或需求，请联系Mariona Claret（邮箱：[e-mail]）或Rolf Sonnerup（邮箱：[e-mail]）。