Supplementary Material for: Predictors of Very-Low-Energy Diet Outcome in Obese Women and Men

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore baseline outcome predictors of a 12-week very-low-energy diet (VLED) treatment. Methods: Obese patients (177 women and 90 men) started treatment. Multivariate linear and logistic regressions were used to predict weight loss (%), successful outcome (≧ 10% weight loss) and attrition. Potential predictors were anthropometry, socioeconomic variables, established questionnaires on health-related quality of life, and eating behavior, and additional questions related to dieting. Results: Mean weight loss was 13.5% (standard deviation (SD) 5.6) in women and 15.1% (6.1) in men (p = 0.054). Greater weight loss in women was predicted by having more children, lower education, and better perceived physical health (R-square (R2) = 12.7%), and in men by better ambulation capacity, living with a partner/children, and snacking on ice-cream more often (R2 = 39.4%). Successful outcome in women was predicted by less obesity-related psychosocial dysfunction, and in men by better functioning in social interaction and ambulation capacity. Attrition was predicted by lower age and larger hip circumference in women, and in men by lower perceived general health. Two-week weight loss was independently associated with all outcomes except attrition in women. Conclusion: Factors related to perceived physical health, social interaction, socio-economic factors, and obesity-related psychosocial problems predicted VLED outcome. The predictors differed by gender.

研究目的：本研究旨在探索12周极低热量饮食（very-low-energy diet, VLED）治疗的基线结局预测因子。研究方法：纳入肥胖受试者177名女性、90名男性启动该治疗。采用多元线性回归与逻辑回归模型，分别预测体重下降百分比、成功结局（体重下降≥10%）以及脱落率。潜在预测因子涵盖人体测量学指标、社会经济变量、成熟的健康相关生活质量评定问卷、饮食行为相关问卷，以及与节食经历相关的附加问题。研究结果：女性受试者平均体重下降率为13.5%（标准差(standard deviation, SD) 5.6），男性为15.1%（标准差6.1），组间比较p=0.054。女性中体重下降幅度更大的预测因子为育有更多子女、受教育程度更低以及主观感知身体健康状况更佳（决定系数(R-square, R²)=12.7%）；男性的相关预测因子则为行走能力更佳、与伴侣或子女同住，以及更频繁食用冰淇淋作为零食（决定系数39.4%）。女性的成功结局预测因子为肥胖相关心理社会功能障碍程度更轻，男性则为社交互动功能与行走能力更佳。女性受试者的脱落率预测因子为年龄更小、髋围更大；男性的脱落率预测因子为主观感知总体健康状况更差。女性受试者的2周体重下降水平与除脱落率外的所有结局指标均呈独立相关性。研究结论：与主观感知身体健康水平、社交互动情况、社会经济因素以及肥胖相关心理社会问题相关的因子，可有效预测VLED治疗的结局；且不同性别的预测因子存在显著差异。