DataSheet1_Comprehensive and Integrative Analysis of Two Novel SARS-CoV-2 Entry Associated Proteases CTSB and CTSL in Healthy Individuals and Cancer Patients.PDF

More than 200 million people have been infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and 4 million deaths have been reported worldwide to date. Cathepsin B/cathepsin L (CTSB/L) are SARS-CoV-2 entry–associated proteases and facilitate SARS-CoV-2 to infect host cells. However, the expressions of CTSB/L in healthy individuals and cancer patients remain not fully elucidated yet. Here, we comprehensively profiled the expressions and distributions of CTSB/L in human normal tissues, cancer tissues, and cell lines. Moreover, we compared CTSB/L expressions between various cancers and matched normal tissues, and investigated their genetic alteration and prognostic values in pan-cancer. Finally, we also explored the correlation between CTSB/L expressions and immune infiltration. We found that CTSB was highly expressed in most tissues, and CTSL was highly expressed predominantly in the digestive, urinary, and respiratory systems, such as the lungs, liver and gallbladder, and kidney tissues in the translational level. Moreover, cancer patients may be more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our data suggested that CTSB/L are overexpressed in aerodigestive and genitourinary cancers when compared with that in matched normal tissues, and their expressions were closely related to the prognosis of some cancer types. Interestingly, CTSB/L expressions were significantly correlated with immune cell infiltration in manifold cancer tissues and their corresponding normal tissues. In conclusion, our study shows a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of two important SARS-CoV-2 entry–related proteases, which could provide a potential indication on prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

目前全球累计已有超2亿人感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型（SARS-CoV-2），累计报告死亡病例达400万例。组织蛋白酶B/组织蛋白酶L（CTSB/L）是与SARS-CoV-2入侵相关的蛋白酶，可促进该病毒感染宿主细胞。但目前尚未完全阐明健康个体与癌症患者体内CTSB/L的表达特征。本研究全面分析了CTSB/L在人类正常组织、癌组织及细胞系中的表达与分布特征。随后，研究比较了多种癌症及其配对正常组织间的CTSB/L表达差异，并在泛癌层面探究了二者的遗传改变与预后价值。此外，本研究还探讨了CTSB/L表达与免疫浸润的相关性。研究发现，CTSB在多数组织中呈高表达；而CTSL主要在消化、泌尿及呼吸系统（如肺、肝胆、肾等组织）的转录层面呈高表达。此外，癌症患者可能更易感染SARS-CoV-2。本研究数据显示，相较于配对正常组织，CTSB/L在呼吸消化及泌尿生殖系统癌症中呈过表达，且其表达与部分癌症类型的预后密切相关。值得注意的是，CTSB/L的表达在多种癌组织及其对应正常组织中，均与免疫细胞浸润水平显著相关。综上，本研究对两种重要的SARS-CoV-2入侵相关蛋白酶开展了全面的生物信息学分析，可为SARS-CoV-2感染防控提供潜在参考依据。