Sugarcane cultivation with source potassium low water-soluble

ABSTRACT. Thermopotash is a fertilizer with low solubility but has a release level compatible with plant demands. This study aimed to compare the effect of Thermopotash to that of KCl in sugarcane. Field work was conducted during two crop seasons, in a randomised block design. Treatments were applied to the bases of the furrows before planting the sugarcane, arranged in a 2 x 5 factorial design to evaluate two K sources (TK47 - Thermopotash, KCl - potassium chloride) at five levels of K (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha-1 K2O). The variables analysed included leaf and soil K, Ca, Mg and Si, soil pH and productivity. The effects of the TK47 fertilizer on sugarcane stalk production were not initially superior to that of the soluble source, but over time, differences between the soluble and insoluble sources increased. The maximum expected sugarcane productivity for both sources was 133 Mg ha-1, which was achieved at an application level of 121 kg ha-1 K2O. TK47 fertilizer provided K, Si, Ca and Mg to the sugarcane in both the first and second harvests. Thus, TK47 may be a viable source of K for sugarcane.

摘要：热释钾肥（Thermopotash）是一种低溶解性肥料，其养分释放水平可匹配作物需求。本研究旨在对比热释钾肥与氯化钾（KCl）在甘蔗种植中的应用效果。田间试验于两个作物季开展，采用随机区组设计，试验设置2×5析因组合：供试钾源为2种——热释钾肥（Thermopotash，代号TK47）、氯化钾（KCl），钾素施用量设5个梯度（0、50、100、150、200 kg·ha⁻¹ K₂O），于甘蔗种植前将肥料施于垄沟基部。测定指标包括植株叶片与土壤中的钾、钙、镁、硅含量，土壤pH值及甘蔗产量。结果显示，热释钾肥对甘蔗茎秆产量的提升效果初期并不优于可溶性钾肥，但随着试验推进，两类钾肥的应用差异逐渐扩大。两种钾源对应的最大预计甘蔗产量为133 Mg·ha⁻¹，在施用量为121 kg·ha⁻¹ K₂O时达到该峰值。热释钾肥可在第一、二次甘蔗收获期为作物提供钾、硅、钙、镁养分。综上，热释钾肥可作为适配甘蔗种植的可行钾素供应源。