FORMATION OF PALM OIL CULTIVATION IN PARA’S AMAZON

Abstract The formation of palm oil cultivation in Para’s Amazon has as guide the state action. Emphasizing that the state makes possible the arrival of palm oil, encourages business creation through programs, projects and policies. The process of reconstituting milestones on origin, consolidation and expansion, which goes from the 1950s to the second decade of the 21st century, was based on the vast literature review on the topic, data collection about palm oil cultivation, palm oil production, emergence, merger, business extinction and the situation of family farming integration projects. Th first part of the text focus on the arrival of oil palm in the Amazon, next, has highlight the creation of palm oil companies and finally analyze palm oil policies. This explains the distribution of the crop predominantly by the Tomé-açu microregion and the current period marked by the projects of integration of rural farmers into the palm oil agribusiness chain, through the discourse of rural territorial development with social inclusion, and job and income generation.

摘要：帕拉州亚马逊区域棕榈油种植业的发展以国家行动为核心指引。本文强调，国家不仅为棕榈油的引入提供了必要条件，更通过各类规划、项目与政策推动了相关市场主体的创立。本研究梳理了1950年代至21世纪第二个十年间，棕榈油产业起源、巩固与扩张的关键历程，研究基础涵盖该主题的海量文献综述，以及棕榈油种植、生产、企业诞生、合并、倒闭，还有家庭农业融合项目现状的相关数据收集。本文第一部分聚焦油棕引入亚马逊地区的进程，随后阐述棕榈油企业的创立过程，最后对棕榈油相关政策展开分析。上述梳理也解释了为何棕榈种植主要集中在托梅阿苏（Tomé-açu）微区域，以及当前阶段的发展特征：即以社会包容与乡村地域发展为核心理念，通过相关项目推动农村农户融入棕榈油农业产业链，进而实现就业增长与收入提升。