Results "Anti-obesity effects of individual or combination treatment with Spirulina platensis and green coffee bean aqueous extracts in high-fat diet-induced obese rats"

Background: Obesity, a chronic disease, is associated with serious health risks, including premature mortality. This study aimed to investigate the anti-obesity effects of individual or combination treatment with Spirulina platensis and green coffee bean aqueous extracts in high-fat diet-induced (HFD) obese rats. Methods: Rats were fed on HFD to induce obesity. Corn oil in the HFD accounted for 50.98 % of the calories. Fifty rats were divided into the following five groups (10 rats/group): control, HFD, HFD-Spirulina, HFD-coffee, HFD-Spirulina and coffee co-treatment groups. The serum levels of lipid, leptin, and insulin, as well as the hepatic mRNA levels of fatty acid synthase (FAS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α), and peroxisome proliferator-activated alpha receptor (PPARα) were estimated. Results: The Spirulina and/or green coffee bean aqueous extracts decreased the final bodyweight and liver weight, and the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase. Additionally, the extracts decreased the serum levels of total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, leptin, and glucose, and enhanced the serum insulin level. Furthermore, the extracts enhanced the PGC-1α and PPARα mRNA levels and decreased the FAS mRNA levels. Conclusion: The individual or combination treatment with Spirulina and green coffee bean extracts decreased obesity-induced hyperlipidemia. Thus, Spirulina platensis and green coffee can be potentially used to treat obesity.

背景：肥胖作为一种慢性疾病，与包括过早死亡在内的多种严重健康风险密切相关。本研究旨在探究钝顶螺旋藻（Spirulina platensis）与绿咖啡豆水提取物单独或联合给药对高脂饮食诱导（HFD）肥胖大鼠的抗肥胖作用。
方法：通过饲喂高脂饮食（HFD）诱导大鼠肥胖，该高脂饮食中玉米油占总热量的50.98%。将50只大鼠分为5组，每组10只：对照组、高脂饮食组、高脂饮食联合钝顶螺旋藻组、高脂饮食联合绿咖啡豆组、高脂饮食联合钝顶螺旋藻与绿咖啡豆共处理组。检测各组大鼠血清脂类、瘦素及胰岛素水平，同时检测肝组织中脂肪酸合酶（FAS）、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ辅激活因子1α（PGC-1α）与过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α（PPARα）的mRNA表达水平。
结果：钝顶螺旋藻及/或绿咖啡豆水提取物可降低大鼠最终体质量与肝质量，同时降低血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶及碱性磷酸酶水平。此外，该提取物可降低血清总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、瘦素及葡萄糖水平，并升高血清胰岛素水平。进一步而言，该提取物可上调PGC-1α与PPARα的mRNA表达水平，并下调FAS的mRNA表达水平。
结论：钝顶螺旋藻与绿咖啡豆提取物单独或联合给药可改善肥胖诱导的高脂血症。因此，钝顶螺旋藻与绿咖啡豆有望用于肥胖的临床治疗。