Soil Macrofauna and Edaphic Properties in Coffee Production Systems in Southern Colombia

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of the soil macrofauna in coffee production systems, as well as their relationship with edaphic properties. Therefore, two coffee production systems were selected: coffee plantations at full-sun with conventional management (Intensive) and shaded coffee plantations with organic management (Traditional). In each crop system, three soil samples were collected randomly, in the form of blocks (25 × 25 cm), to a soil depth of 10 cm. In total, 17,109 individuals were recorded in this study being the Oligochaeta group the most representative, regardless of the coffee production system. The average density of soil macrofauna was higher in traditional coffee plantations (p < 0.05) due to the higher density of Oligochaeta, Diplopoda and Blattodea. The traditional coffee plantations provided a better soil chemical fertility reflected in the principal component analysis. Furthermore, these chemical attributes probably could affect the occurrence of the soil macrofauna groups.

摘要
本研究旨在评估咖啡种植系统内土壤大型动物群（soil macrofauna）的类群组成与分布特征，及其与土壤理化性质（edaphic properties）的关联。为此，选取两类咖啡种植模式：采用常规管理的全光照集约化咖啡园，以及采用有机管理的遮阴传统咖啡园。在每种种植模式中，随机采集3份土样，采样单元为25×25 cm的样方，采样深度为10 cm。本研究共记录到17109个土壤大型动物个体，无论采用何种咖啡种植模式，寡毛纲（Oligochaeta）类群均为最具代表性的类群。传统咖啡园的土壤大型动物群平均密度显著高于集约化咖啡园（p<0.05），这主要得益于寡毛纲、倍足纲（Diplopoda）与蜚蠊目（Blattodea）类群更高的种群密度。主成分分析结果显示，传统咖啡园的土壤化学肥力更优。此外，上述土壤化学属性或可对土壤大型动物群类群的分布产生影响。