Geospatial Datasets for Assessing Vulnerability of Bangladesh to Climate Change and Extremes

The present dataset provides necessary indicators of the climate change vulnerability of Bangladesh in raster form. Geospatial databases have been created in Geographic Information System (GIS) environment mainly from two types of raw data; socioeconomic data from the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) and biophysical maps from various government and non-government agencies. Socioeconomic data have been transformed into a raster database through the Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation method in GIS. On the other hand, biophysical maps have been directly recreated as GIS feature classes and eventually, the biophysical raster database has been produced. 30 socioeconomic indicators have been considered, which has been obtained from the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. All socioeconomic data were incorporated into the GIS database to generate maps. However, the units of some variables have been adopted directly from BBS, some have been normalized based on population, and some have been adopted as percentages. 12 biophysical system indicators have also been classified based on the collected information from different sources and literature. Biophysical maps are mainly classified in relative scales according to the intensity. These geospatial datasets have been analyzed to assess the spatial vulnerability of Bangladesh to climate change and extremes. The analysis has resulted in a climate change vulnerability map of Bangladesh with recognized hotspots, significant vulnerability factors, and adaptation measures to reduce the level of vulnerability.

本数据集以栅格格式提供了孟加拉国气候变化脆弱性相关的必要指标。研究团队主要基于两类原始数据，在地理信息系统（GIS）环境中构建了地理空间数据库：一类为孟加拉国统计局（BBS）提供的社会经济数据，另一类为来自各类政府及非政府机构的生物物理地图。社会经济数据通过地理信息系统中的反距离权重（IDW）插值法转换为栅格数据库；而生物物理地图则直接被重构为GIS要素类，最终生成生物物理栅格数据库。本次研究共纳入30项社会经济指标，所有指标均取自孟加拉国统计局。研究人员将全部社会经济数据导入GIS数据库以生成相关地图。不过，部分变量的单位直接沿用了孟加拉国统计局的原始设定，部分基于人口数量进行了归一化处理，还有部分以百分比形式呈现。研究团队还基于不同来源的资料与文献，筛选出12项生物物理系统指标并完成分类。生物物理地图主要依据强度等级采用相对尺度进行分类。对上述地理空间数据集开展分析，可评估孟加拉国在气候变化及极端事件面前的空间脆弱性。本次分析最终生成了孟加拉国气候变化脆弱性地图，其中明确标注了脆弱性热点区域、关键脆弱性影响因子，以及可降低脆弱性水平的适应措施。