Table_1_Prevalence and associated factors of myopia among school students in Shenyang, China: a cross-sectional study.doc

BackgroundIn recent years, the prevalence of myopia has increased significantly and caused great concern. Nevertheless, an estimate of myopia in the student population in Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China is still lacking. This study aims to determine the prevalence of myopia among students in Shenyang and investigate the associated factors affecting myopia development.
MethodsStandard logarithmic visual acuity chart and automatic computerized optometry under non-ciliary muscle paralysis were used to test the students’ naked visual acuity of their right and left eyes. The included students were organized to fill in questionnaires on WeChat to collect the factors affecting myopia.
ResultsA total of 34,644 students with a median age of 11.9 years were examined, including 17,563 males and 17,081 females. The overall prevalence of myopia was 60%, with a prevalence of 45% for mild myopia, 13% for moderate myopia, and 1.9% for high myopia. The sex, high educational stage, family history of myopia, doing homework after school or reading and writing for more than 2 h were associated with a higher risk of myopia, while doing eye exercises twice a day or more, going outdoors during recess, reading and writing with eyes more than one foot from books, and sleeping more than 8 h a day were associated factors for preventing myopia. The associated factors influencing myopia vary among different subgroups.
ConclusionThe prevalence of myopia in Shenyang is at a high level. In addition to sex, high educational stage and genetic factors, environmental factors including length of eye usage, eye exercises, outdoor activities, eye working distance, and sleep duration are associated with myopia prevalence. Therefore, it is recommended that the occurrence and development of myopia can be prevented by controlling the above environmental factors.

背景：
近年来，近视患病率显著攀升，已引发广泛关注。然而，目前仍缺乏中国辽宁省沈阳市学生群体的近视患病率相关调研数据。本研究旨在明确沈阳市学生的近视患病率，并探究影响近视发生发展的相关危险因素。

研究方法：
本研究采用标准对数视力表，在非睫状肌麻痹状态下通过自动电脑验光检测纳入学生的左右眼裸眼视力；同时组织参与研究的学生通过微信填写调查问卷，以收集近视相关影响因素信息。

研究结果：
本研究共纳入34644名学生，年龄中位数为11.9岁，其中男性17563人，女性17081人。整体近视患病率为60%，其中轻度近视患病率45%，中度近视13%，高度近视1.9%。分析显示，性别、较高教育阶段、近视家族史、放学后完成作业或读写时长超过2小时均与近视发病风险升高相关；而每日完成2次及以上眼保健操、课间户外活动、读写时双眼与书本距离大于1英尺、每日睡眠时间超过8小时则为近视的保护因素。此外，影响近视的相关因素在不同亚组人群中存在差异。

研究结论：
沈阳市学生群体的近视患病率处于较高水平。除性别、较高教育阶段及遗传因素外，用眼时长、眼保健操、户外活动、眼书距离及睡眠时间等环境因素均与近视患病率显著相关。因此，建议通过管控上述环境因素，预防近视的发生与发展。