Supplementary Material for: The Prevalence of Active Epilepsy in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia : A cross sectional study

IIntroduction: The global prevalence of active epilepsy is around 6.38/1,000 persons. In the Arabian region, the median prevalence of active epilepsy is 4.4/1000 persons. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), the last prevalence for active epilepsy cases was conducted in 2001 and showed an estimate of 6.5/1000 persons. Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of active epilepsy and etiological factors among Saudi individuals of all ages resident in the Riyadh area, the central province, and the capital of KSA. Method: This is a door-door cross-sectional epidemiological study that is conducted between 2012-2016. Patients were initially screened at their homes using a questionnaire and then suspected individuals were interviewed in the clinic by neurologists and epileptologists. Data related to age, age at seizure onset gender, probable etiology, treatment, family history, duration of epilepsy, and seizure control, as well as images for electroencephalogram (EEG) and magnetic Resonant Imaging (MRI), were collected and analyzed. Results: Among the 13873 participants, active epilepsy was evidenced in 55 patients (3.96; 95%CI (2.99 – 5.16)/1000 persons). No significant variation in the prevalence rate was detected between male and female patients (3.99 vs 3.94/1000 persons). The age-specific prevalence was the highest among the infants (1 - 12 months) (14.78/1000 persons). Of the various seizure types, complex partial seizures were the most common (33%) followed by generalized seizures (29.1%). Concerning etiology, epilepsies with idiopathic and cryptogenic etiologies were the most common in 18 (36.3%) cases. Structural, vascular, and focal abnormalities were the most commonly diagnosed abnormalities (18.2%, 14.5%, and 39.2%, respectively). Conclusion: The prevalence of active epilepsy in KSA has dramatically decreased during the last decades to a rate lower than those reported in most developing countries. Keywords: Epilepsy, door to door, epidemiology, prevalence, Saudi Arabia引言：全球活动性癫痫（active epilepsy）的患病率约为6.38/1000人。阿拉伯地区活动性癫痫的患病率中位数为4.4/1000人。沙特阿拉伯王国（Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA）最近一次活动性癫痫病例患病率调查于2001年开展，估算患病率为6.5/1000人。 研究目的：旨在调查沙特阿拉伯王国首都及中部省份利雅得地区常住全体年龄段沙特人群的活动性癫痫患病率及其病因学相关因素。 研究方法：本研究为2012年至2016年间开展的入户式横断面流行病学调查。研究人员首先通过问卷在受试者家中进行初筛，随后对疑似病例在诊所由神经科医师及癫痫专科医师进行访谈。本研究收集并分析了受试者的年龄、癫痫起病年龄、性别、潜在病因、治疗情况、家族病史、癫痫病程、癫痫控制情况，以及脑电图（Electroencephalogram, EEG）、磁共振成像（Magnetic Resonant Imaging, MRI）影像资料。 研究结果：在13873名受试者中，共有55名确诊活动性癫痫，患病率为3.96/1000人（95%置信区间：2.99~5.16）。男女患者的患病率无显著统计学差异（分别为3.99/1000人与3.94/1000人）。年龄分层患病率以婴儿组（1~12月龄）最高，达14.78/1000人。在各类癫痫发作类型中，复杂部分性发作最为常见（占33%），其次为全面性发作（占29.1%）。病因学方面，特发性及隐源性癫痫最为多见，共18例（占36.3%）。结构性、血管性及局灶性异常为最常检出的异常类型，占比分别为18.2%、14.5%及39.2%。 研究结论：近数十年来，沙特阿拉伯王国的活动性癫痫患病率已显著下降，低于多数发展中国家的报道水平。 关键词：癫痫（Epilepsy）、入户调查（door-to-door）、流行病学（epidemiology）、患病率（prevalence）、沙特阿拉伯（Saudi Arabia）