Sequencing data of eight mutation accumulation (MA) lines

Spontaneous mutations are the fundamental source of genetic variation and the raw material for evolution. Understanding mutation rates and spectra is essential for studying molecular evolution, genetic disorders, and genome dynamics. As mutation rates influence both adaptive potential and the accumulation of harmful mutations, they are key parameters in evolutionary biology. However, because de novo mutations are rare and context-dependent, accurate measurement requires long-term experiments that minimize the effects of natural selection.自发突变（Spontaneous mutations）是遗传变异的根本来源，亦是进化的核心原材料。探究突变率与突变谱（mutation spectra），对于分子进化、遗传疾病及基因组动力学的研究至关重要。由于突变率同时影响物种的适应潜力与有害突变的累积进程，其为进化生物学中的关键参数。然而，鉴于新生突变（de novo mutations）极为罕见且具有情境依赖性，精准测量其相关数据需开展长期实验，以最大限度降低自然选择的干扰效应。