Tolerance to irrigation water salinity in Physalis peruviana L. plants

ABSTRACT Abiotic factors, such as saline stress, can happen in agricultural areas and can harm the metabolism of the plants. Studies that seek to evaluate the acting of P. peruviana L. under stress conditions are still incipient. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the tolerance to salinity in plants of P. peruviana L. under different saline levels of irrigation water. The work was developed in the experimental farm of the Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus Pombal, PB, from January to March 2017. Four saline concentrations of irrigation water were used (0.3; 1.2; 2.1; and 3.0 dS m-1) with five repetitions. At 60 days after the transplant, were evaluated the leaf area, intercellular CO2 concentration, stomatal conductance, transpiration, photosynthetic rate, intrinsic water use efficiency, instantaneous carboxylation efficiency, electrolyte extravasation, chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids. The results show that saline levels of irrigation water up to 3.0 dS m-1 did not provide physiological damages in plants of P. peruviana L. until 60 DAT, except for extravasation of electrolytes and chlorophyll a and b, characterizing the plant as tolerant to salinity until the studied level.

摘要 非生物因子（如盐胁迫）可在农业生产区域出现，并会损害植物的代谢过程。目前针对秘鲁酸浆（P. peruviana L.）在胁迫条件下响应机制的相关研究仍较为匮乏。因此，本研究旨在评估灌溉水不同盐度水平下秘鲁酸浆的耐盐性。本试验于2017年1—3月在巴西帕拉伊巴州坎皮纳格兰德联邦大学蓬巴尔校区实验农场开展。试验设置4个灌溉水盐浓度梯度（0.3、1.2、2.1和3.0 dS·m⁻¹），每个梯度设置5次重复。移栽后60天（60 DAT），测定叶面积、胞间CO₂浓度、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、光合速率、内在水分利用效率、瞬时羧化效率、电解质渗漏率、叶绿素a、叶绿素b及类胡萝卜素等指标。试验结果表明，在移栽后60天内，灌溉水盐浓度不超过3.0 dS·m⁻¹时，不会对秘鲁酸浆植株造成显著生理损伤，仅电解质渗漏率及叶绿素a、b含量受到盐胁迫影响，表明该植株在本试验设置的盐度范围内具备耐盐性。