Behavioural red-light sensitivity in fish according to the optomotor response

Various procedures have been adopted to investigate spectral sensitivity of animals, e.g., absorption spectra of visual pigments, electroretinography, optokinetic response, optomotor response (OMR), and phototaxis. These works have led to various conclusions about animal vision. However, visual sensitivity should be evaluated consistently for a reliable comparison. In this study, we retrieved behavioural data of several fish species that used a unified procedure for the OMR test and compared the sensitivities to near-infrared light. Besides cavefish that lack eyes, some species were not appropriate for the OMR test because they either stayed still or changed swimming direction frequently. Eight fish species out of 13 species tested were OMR positive. Detailed analyses using goldfish, zebrafish, guppy, medaka, stickleback, and cichlid revealed that all the fish were sensitive to light at λ ≥ 750 nm, where the threshold wavelengths varied from 750 nm to 880 nm. Fish opsin repertoire enabl..., , Fig3

OMR data sets of Nile tilapia under light of 720, 750, 800, 810, 820, 830, 840, 850 and 860nm.

OMR data sets of Mexican cavefish under light of 720, 750, 800, 820 and 860 nm.

Fig3.zip

Fig4

OMR data sets of medaka, goldfish, zebrafish, guppy, three-spined stickleback, mbuna under light of 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950 and 1000 nm.

Fig4.zip

Fig5

OMR data sets of medaka, goldfish, zebrafish, guppy, three-spined stickleback, mbuna under light of 780, 800, 820, 840, 860 and 880 nm.

Fig5.zip

OMR data sets of goldfish for Steel's test

OMR data sets of goldfish under light of 780, 800, 820, 840, 860, 880 and 950 nm.

SteelsComparison_Goldfish.zip

ND: not determined,  NA: data not available (fish did not show positive OMR)

学界已采用多种实验方法探究动物的光谱敏感性，例如视觉色素吸收光谱法、视网膜电图（electroretinography）、视动性眼震（optokinetic response）、视动反应（optomotor response, OMR）以及趋光性（phototaxis）。相关研究已产出诸多关于动物视觉的结论，但为实现可靠的跨样本比较，需采用统一标准对视觉敏感性进行评估。
本研究搜集了采用统一视动反应实验流程的多种鱼类行为学数据，并对比了它们对近红外光的敏感性。除无眼的洞穴鱼外，部分物种因持续静止或频繁改变游泳方向而不适用于该OMR实验。在受试的13个鱼类物种中，共有8个呈现出OMR阳性反应。
针对金鱼、斑马鱼、孔雀鱼、青鳉、刺鱼及慈鲷的详细分析显示，所有受试鱼类对波长不低于750nm的光线均具有敏感性，其阈值波长范围为750nm至880nm。鱼类视蛋白谱系可实现……，（原文此处截断），图3
尼罗罗非鱼在720nm、750nm、800nm、810nm、820nm、830nm、840nm、850nm及860nm光照下的OMR数据集
墨西哥洞穴鱼在720nm、750nm、800nm、820nm及860nm光照下的OMR数据集
Fig3.zip
图4
青鳉、金鱼、斑马鱼、孔雀鱼、三棘刺鱼及姆布纳慈鲷在700nm、750nm、800nm、850nm、900nm、950nm及1000nm光照下的OMR数据集
Fig4.zip
图5
青鳉、金鱼、斑马鱼、孔雀鱼、三棘刺鱼及姆布纳慈鲷在780nm、800nm、820nm、840nm、860nm及880nm光照下的OMR数据集
Fig5.zip
用于Steel检验的金鱼OMR数据集
金鱼在780nm、800nm、820nm、840nm、860nm、880nm及950nm光照下的OMR数据集
SteelsComparison_Goldfish.zip
ND：未测定；NA：无有效数据（鱼类未呈现OMR阳性反应）