Evolution and conservation on top of the world: Phylogeography of the Marbled Water Frog (Telmatobius marmoratus species complex; Anura, Telmatobiidae) in protected areas of Chile

The Andean Altiplano has served as a complex setting throughout its history, driving dynamic processes of diversification in several taxa. We investigated phylogeographic processes in the Telmatobius marmoratus species complex occurring in this region by studying the geographic patterns of genetic variability, genealogies, and historical migration, using the cytochrome b (cyt-b) gene as a marker. DNA sequences from Telmatobius gigas and Telmatobius culeus, Bolivian species with an uncertain taxonomic status, were also included. Additionally, we evaluated the phylogenetic diversity (PD) represented within Chilean protected areas and the complementary contribution from unprotected populations. Phylogenetic reconstructions from 148 cyt-b sequences revealed 4 main clades, one of which corresponded to T. culeus. T. gigas was part of T. marmoratus clade indicating paraphyletic relationships. Haplotypes from Chilean and Bolivian sites were not reciprocally monophyletic. Geographic distribution...

安第斯高原（Andean Altiplano）在其演化历史中始终是一处复杂多样的生境，驱动了多个类群（taxa）的动态物种分化进程。我们以细胞色素b（cytochrome b，cyt-b）基因作为分子标记，通过分析遗传变异的地理分布模式、基因谱系以及历史迁移过程，对分布于该区域的大理石滑跖蟾（Telmatobius marmoratus）物种复合群的系统地理学进程展开了研究。同时纳入了分类地位尚不明确的玻利维亚物种——巨滑跖蟾（Telmatobius gigas）与的的喀喀滑跖蟾（Telmatobius culeus）的DNA序列。此外，我们还评估了智利保护区内所涵盖的系统发育多样性（phylogenetic diversity，PD），以及未受保护种群对该多样性的补充贡献。基于148条cyt-b基因序列开展的系统发育重建结果显示，共存在4个主要演化支（clade），其中一支对应于T. culeus。巨滑跖蟾（T. gigas）隶属于大理石滑跖蟾（T. marmoratus）演化支，表明二者存在并系演化关系（paraphyletic relationships）。来自智利与玻利维亚采样点的单倍型（haplotype）并未形成相互单系的演化分支。地理分布……