Euterpe Oleracea Mart. (Açaí) Reduces Oxidative Stress and Improves Energetic Metabolism in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats

Abstract Background: Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) is a fruit with high antioxidant capacity and could be an adjuvant strategy to attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury. Objective: To evaluate the influence of açaí in global ischemia-reperfusion model in rats. Methods: Wistar rats were assigned to 2 groups: Control (C: receiving standard chow; n = 9) and Açaí (A: receiving standard chow supplemented with 5% açaí; n = 10). After six weeks, the animals were subjected to the global ischemia-reperfusion protocol and an isolated heart study to evaluate left ventricular function. Level of significance adopted: 5%. Results: There was no difference between the groups in initial body weight, final body weight and daily feed intake. Group A presented lower lipid hydroperoxide myocardial concentration and higher catalase activity, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase than group C. We also observed increased myocardial activity of b-hydroxyacyl coenzyme-A dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase, complex I, complex II and ATP synthase in the A group as well as lower activity of the lactate dehydrogenase and phosphofructokinase enzymes. The systolic function was similar between the groups, and the A group presented poorer diastolic function than the C group. We did not observe any difference between the groups in relation to myocardial infarction area, total and phosphorylated NF-kB, total and acetylated FOXO1, SIRT1 and Nrf-2 protein expression. Conclusion: despite improving energy metabolism and attenuating oxidative stress, açai supplementation did not decrease the infarcted area or improve left ventricular function in the global ischemia-reperfusion model.

研究背景：学名Euterpe oleracea Mart.的阿萨伊果（açaí）是一种抗氧化能力较强的水果，可作为减轻缺血-再灌注损伤的辅助干预方案。
研究目的：评估阿萨伊果（açaí）对大鼠全心缺血-再灌注模型的干预效果。
研究方法：将Wistar大鼠随机分为2组：对照组（C组：给予标准饲料，n=9）与阿萨伊果组（A组：给予添加5%阿萨伊果的标准饲料，n=10）。饲养6周后，对大鼠实施全心缺血-再灌注造模，并开展离体心脏灌流实验以评估左心室功能。本研究以5%作为显著性检验水准。
研究结果：两组大鼠的初始体重、终末体重及每日摄食量均无显著统计学差异。与对照组相比，阿萨伊果组大鼠的心肌脂质氢过氧化物浓度更低，而过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性更高。此外，阿萨伊果组大鼠的心肌β-羟酰辅酶A脱氢酶、丙酮酸脱氢酶、柠檬酸合酶、呼吸链复合物I、呼吸链复合物II及ATP合酶活性均显著升高，而乳酸脱氢酶与磷酸果糖激酶活性则显著降低。两组大鼠的心脏收缩功能无显著差异，但阿萨伊果组的舒张功能较对照组更差。两组大鼠的心肌梗死面积、总NF-κB与磷酸化NF-κB、总FOXO1与乙酰化FOXO1、SIRT1及Nrf-2蛋白的表达水平均无显著统计学差异。
研究结论：尽管阿萨伊果补充干预可改善心肌能量代谢并减轻氧化应激，但在大鼠全心缺血-再灌注模型中，其并未缩小心肌梗死面积或改善左心室功能。