Data Sheet 1_Peculiarities of cardio-respiratory relationships in qualified athletes with different types of heart rhythm regulation according to respiratory maneuver data.pdf

IntroductionOur goal was to determine the differences in changes in cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory interaction indicators during a respiratory maneuver with a change in breathing rate in athletes with different types of heart rate regulation. MethodsThe results of a study of 183 healthy men aged 21.2 ± 2.3 years, who were systematically involved in various sports, were analyzed. According to the results of the analysis of the HRV study during spontaneous breathing, the athletes were divided into 4 groups taking into account the type of heart rate regulation (HRR). Group 1 (with type I) consisted of 53 people, group 2 (with type II)—29 people, group 3 (with type III)—85 people, group 4 (with type IV)—16 people. The methodology for studying the cardiorespiratory system included combined measurements of the respiratory and cardiovascular system activity indicators in a sitting position using a spiroarteriocardiorhythmograph. The duration of the study was 6 min. ResultsAccording to changes in cardiorespiratory and cardiovascular interaction indicators during controlled breathing with a frequency of 6 and 15 per minute (CR6 and CR15), it is shown that with a pronounced predominance of parasympathetic influences (type IV) in conditions of excessive cardiorespiratory control and moderate hyperventilation, differences in changes in arterial baroreflex sensitivity (δBRLF and δBRHF) are noted in comparison with other HRR. Athletes with type IV at CR6 in δBRLF significantly differ from athletes with type III (p = 0.026) and do not differ from athletes with type II (p = 0.141). In δBRHF significantly (p = 0.038 and p = 0.043)—from athletes with types I and II. It is shown that with the predominance of sympathetic influences (types I and II), the reactivity of BRS (δBRLF and δBRHF) in response to moderate hyperventilation (CR15) is significantly lower. Changes in the Hildebrandt index and the volume synchronization index additionally differentiate HRR associated with a moderate and pronounced predominance of sympathetic and parasympathetic influences. ConclusionThe use of a respiratory maneuver in a combined study of the cardiorespiratory system in the conditions of current control of athletes showed informativeness in the differentiation of HRR types and states of functional overstrain.引言：本研究旨在明确不同心率调节类型（Heart Rate Regulation, HRR）的运动员，在进行呼吸频率改变的呼吸操作时，心血管与心肺交互指标的变化差异。 方法：本研究纳入183名年龄为21.2±2.3岁、长期系统参与各类体育运动的健康男性，对其研究数据进行分析。根据自主呼吸状态下心率变异性（Heart Rate Variability, HRV）的分析结果，按心率调节类型将受试者分为4组：第1组（I型）53人，第2组（II型）29人，第3组（III型）85人，第4组（IV型）16人。心肺系统研究采用同步呼吸动脉心血管节律记录仪，对坐位状态下的呼吸与心血管系统活动指标开展联合测量，总研究时长为6分钟。 结果：针对频率为6次/分钟（CR6）与15次/分钟（CR15）的控制性呼吸过程中，心肺与心血管交互指标的变化进行分析后发现，在过度心肺调控且合并中度过度通气的状态下，副交感神经支配优势显著的IV型运动员，其动脉压力感受性反射敏感性（Baroreflex Sensitivity, BRS）的δBRLF与δBRHF指标变化，与其他心率调节类型运动员存在显著差异。在CR6条件下，IV型运动员的δBRLF指标与III型运动员存在显著统计学差异（p=0.026），与II型运动员则无显著差异（p=0.141）；其δBRHF指标则分别与I型、II型运动员存在显著统计学差异（p=0.038、p=0.043）。研究同时显示，交感神经支配优势显著的I型与II型运动员，其压力感受性反射敏感性（δBRLF与δBRHF）在中度过度通气（CR15）状态下的反应性显著更低。希尔德布兰特指数与容积同步指数的变化，可进一步区分伴有交感、副交感神经中度或显著支配优势的心率调节类型。 结论：在对运动员开展实时机能监控的场景下，将呼吸操作应用于心肺系统联合研究中，证实其可有效区分不同心率调节类型与机能过度负荷状态，具备良好的应用价值。