Mobility, balance and muscle performance according to self-efficacy for falls in the elderly

Introduction Changes in mobility, postural balance and muscle strength in the aging process may cause a fall in the elderly by changing or not perceived self-efficacy in preventing falls, the goal is to compare mobility, body balance and muscle performance according to self-efficacy for falls in community-dwelling elderly women. Materials and methods A comparative study of cross-section, with 63 community-dwelling elderly. We evaluated sociodemographic data, cognition (Mini-Mental State Examination), efficacy for falls (International Efficacy Scale for Falls, Brazil), mobility (Timed Up and Go Test), body balance by Berg Balance Scale, Balance Master System: Modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance (mCTSIB), Tandem walk (TW) Sit to Stand (STS) and muscular performance by isokinetic dynamometry. Using the cutoff point at or above 23 points, two groups, G1 with low perceived efficacy in preventing falls (n = 36) and G2 with high perceived efficacy in preventing falls (n = 27) were allocated. Student’s t test was performed for comparison between groups, with p value of 0.05. Results Comparing the elderly women regarding the efficacy of falls, significant differences were observed in the variables Timed Up and Go Test (p = 0.04), speed of oscillation test mCTSIB (p = 0.01) and the isokinetic dynamometry knee extension movement, peak torque (p = 0.04) and power (p = 0.03). Conclusion Comparing community-dwelling elderly women with low and high efficacy for falls, significant differences were in variables related to mobility, body balance and muscle function.

引言：衰老过程中机体的移动能力、姿势平衡与肌肉力量发生改变，可通过改变或未被感知的跌倒预防自我效能感，诱发老年人群跌倒。本研究旨在针对社区居住的老年女性，依据其跌倒自我效能感水平，比较其移动能力、身体平衡与肌肉表现。材料与方法：本研究为横断面比较研究，共纳入63名社区居住老年女性。我们评估了社会人口学资料、认知功能（简易精神状态检查表（Mini-Mental State Examination））、跌倒自我效能感（国际跌倒自我效能量表（International Efficacy Scale for Falls）巴西版）、移动能力（计时起立-行走试验（Timed Up and Go Test））；身体平衡评估采用伯格平衡量表（Berg Balance Scale）、平衡主系统：改良临床平衡感觉交互试验（Modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance, mCTSIB）、串联行走试验（Tandem walk, TW）、坐站试验（Sit to Stand, STS）；肌肉性能则通过等速肌力测试（isokinetic dynamometry）评估。以23分及以上为截断值，将受试者分为两组：G1组（跌倒预防感知自我效能感较低，n=36）与G2组（跌倒预防感知自我效能感较高，n=27）。组间比较采用Student t检验，检验水准设为0.05。结果：按跌倒自我效能感分组比较老年女性受试者，计时起立-行走试验（p=0.04）、mCTSIB摆动速度试验（p=0.01），以及等速肌力测试的膝关节伸肌峰力矩（p=0.04）和功率（p=0.03）变量存在显著组间差异。结论：对比跌倒自我效能感水平不同的社区居住老年女性，其与移动能力、身体平衡及肌肉功能相关的变量存在显著差异。