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German Time Series Dataset, 1834-2012

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The aim of the project was to identify and compile the best available historical time series for Germany, and to complement or update them at reasonable expense. Time series were only to be included, if data for the entire period from 1834 to 2012 was at least theoretically available. An integral aspect of the concept of our project is the combination of data with critical commentaries of the time series by established expert scientists. The following themes are covered (authors in parentheses): 1. Environment, Climate, and Nature (Paul Erker) 2. Population, Households, Families (Georg Fertig/Franz Rothenbacher) 3. Migration (Jochen Oltmer) 4. Education and Science (Volker Müller-Benedict) 5. Health Service (Reinhard Spree) 6. Social Policy (Marcel Boldorf) 7. Public Finance and Taxation (Mark Spoerer) 8. Political Participation (Marc Debus) 9. Crime and Justice (Dietrich Oberwittler) 10. Work, Income, and Standard of Living (Toni Pierenkemper) 11. Culture, Tourism, and Sports (Heike Wolter/Bernd Wedemeyer-Kolwe) 12. Religion (Thomas Großbölting/Markus Goldbeck) 13. National Accounts (Rainer Metz) 14. Prices (Rainer Metz) 15. Money and Credit (Richard Tilly) 16. Transport and Communication (Christopher Kopper) 17. Agriculture (Michael Kopsidis) 18. Business, Industry, and Craft (Alfred Reckendrees) 19. Building and Housing (Günther Schulz) 20. Trade (Markus Lampe/ Nikolaus Wolf) 21. Balance of Payments (Nikolaus Wolf) 22. International Comparisons (Herman de Jong/Joerg Baten) Basically, the structure of a dataset is guided by the tables in the print publication by the Federal Agency. The print publication allows for four to eight tables for each of the 22 chapters, which means the data record is correspondingly made up of 120 tables in total. The inner structure of the dataset is a consequence of a German idiosyncrasy: the numerous territorial changes. To account for this idiosyncrasy, we decided on a four-fold data structure. Four territorial units with their respective data, are therefore differentiated in each table in separate columns: A German Confederation/Custom Union/German Reich (1834-1945).B German Federal Republic (1949-1989).C German Democratic Republic (1949-1989).D Germany since the reunification (since 1990). Years in parentheses should be considered a guideline only. It is possible that series for the territory of the old Federal Republic or the new federal states are continued after 1990, or that all-German data from before 1990 were available or were reconstructed.All time series are identified by a distinct ID consisting of an “x” and a four-digit number (for numbers under 1000 with leading zeros). The time series that exclusively contain GDR data were identified with a “c” prefix instead of the “x”.For the four territorial units, the time series are arranged in four blocks side by side within the XLSX files. That means: first all time series for the territory and the period of the Custom Union and German Reich, the next columns contain side by side all time series for the territory of the German Federal Republic / the old federal states, then – if available – those for the territory of the German Democratic Republic / the new federal states, and finally for the reunified Germany. There is at most one row for each year. Dates can be missing if no data for the respective year are available in either of the table’s time series, but no date will appear twice. The four territorial units and the resultant time periods cause a “stepwise” appearance of the data tables. If you find anything missing, unclear, incomprehensible, improvable, etc., please contact me (kontakt@deutschland-in-daten.de). Further reading:Rahlf, Thomas, The German Time Series Dataset 1834-2012, in: Journal of Economics and Statistics 236/1 (2016), pp. 129-143. [DOI: 10.1515/jbnst-2015-1005] [Open Access](in German): Rahlf, Thomas, Voraussetzungen für eine Historische Statistik von Deutschland (19./20. Jh.), in: Vierteljahrschrift für Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte 101/3 (2014), S. 322-352. [PDF] Rahlf, Thomas (Hrsg.), Dokumentation zum Zeitreihendatensatz für Deutschland, 1834-2012, Version 01 (= Historical Social Research Transition 26v01), Köln 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.12759/hsr.trans.26.v01.2015Rahlf, Thomas (Hrsg.), Deutschland in Daten. Zeitreihen zur Historischen Statistik, Bonn: Bundeszentrale für Politische Bildung, 2015. [EconStor]

本项目旨在甄别并汇编现有最优的德国历史时间序列数据集,并以合理成本对其进行补充与更新。仅当1834年至2012年完整时段的数据至少在理论上可获取时,该时间序列方可被纳入数据集。本项目核心理念之一,是将数据与资深专家学者针对各时间序列的批判性评注相结合。本数据集涵盖以下主题(括注为负责专家): 1. 环境、气候与自然(Paul Erker) 2. 人口、家庭与住户(Georg Fertig/Franz Rothenbacher) 3. 移民(Jochen Oltmer) 4. 教育与科学(Volker Müller-Benedict) 5. 医疗服务(Reinhard Spree) 6. 社会政策(Marcel Boldorf) 7. 公共财政与税收(Mark Spoerer) 8. 政治参与(Marc Debus) 9. 犯罪与司法(Dietrich Oberwittler) 10. 工作、收入与生活水平(Toni Pierenkemper) 11. 文化、旅游与体育(Heike Wolter/Bernd Wedemeyer-Kolwe) 12. 宗教(Thomas Großbölting/Markus Goldbeck) 13. 国民经济核算(Rainer Metz) 14. 价格(Rainer Metz) 15. 货币与信贷(Richard Tilly) 16. 交通与通信(Christopher Kopper) 17. 农业(Michael Kopsidis) 18. 商业、工业与手工业(Alfred Reckendrees) 19. 建筑与住房(Günther Schulz) 20. 贸易(Markus Lampe/ Nikolaus Wolf) 21. 国际收支(Nikolaus Wolf) 22. 国际比较(Herman de Jong/Joerg Baten) 本数据集的结构基本遵循联邦机构出版的印刷版专著中的表格框架。该印刷版专著为22个章节各设置4至8张表格,因此本数据集总计包含120张表格。数据集的内部结构需适配德国的一项独特国情:其领土边界经历过多次变动。为妥善处理这一特殊性,我们采用了四重数据结构。每张表格均通过独立列区分四类领土单元及其对应数据: A. 德意志邦联/关税同盟/德意志帝国(1834年—1945年) B. 德意志联邦共和国(1949年—1989年) C. 德意志民主共和国(1949年—1989年) D. 统一后的德国(1990年起) 括号内的年份仅作参考。旧联邦共和国领土或原东德新联邦州的时间序列数据可能会延续至1990年之后,亦或可获取或重构1990年之前的全德范围数据。 所有时间序列均通过唯一ID进行标识,ID格式为字母"x"加四位数字(不足1000的数字需补前导零)。仅包含东德数据的时间序列,则以字母"c"替代"x"作为前缀。 在XLSX文件中,四类领土单元的时间序列按区块并排排列:首先是关税同盟与德意志帝国时期对应领土及时段的全部时间序列,其后依次为德意志联邦共和国(原联邦州)领土的全部时间序列,若有数据则接着是德意志民主共和国(原东德新联邦州)领土的时间序列,最后为统一后德国的时间序列。每张表格每年至多对应一行。若某一年份的所有时间序列均无数据,则可空缺该年份行,但不会出现重复的年份行。四类领土单元及其对应时段,使得数据表格呈现出"阶梯式"的排布特征。 若您发现数据存在缺失、模糊、难以理解或可优化之处,请致信联系(kontakt@deutschland-in-daten.de)。 进一步阅读文献: 1. Rahlf, Thomas, 《1834—2012年德国时间序列数据集》,载于《Journal of Economics and Statistics》236/1 (2016),第129—143页。[DOI: 10.1515/jbnst-2015-1005] [开放获取] 2. (德语原文)Rahlf, Thomas, 《德国历史统计的前置条件(19/20世纪)》,载于《Vierteljahrschrift für Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte》101/3 (2014),第322—352页。[PDF] 3. Rahlf, Thomas (主编), 《1834—2012年德国时间序列数据集文档》,版本01(= Historical Social Research Transition 26v01),科隆2015年。http://dx.doi.org/10.12759/hsr.trans.26.v01.2015 4. Rahlf, Thomas (主编), 《数据中的德国:历史统计时间序列》,波恩:德国联邦政治教育中心(Bundeszentrale für Politische Bildung),2015年。[EconStor]

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2015-06-19
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