Table_1_Effect of Complexity on Speech Sound Development: Evidence From Meta-Analysis Review of Treatment-Based Studies.docx

In the current study, we aimed at understanding the effect of exposure to complex input on speech sound development, by conducting a systematic meta-analysis review of the existing treatment-based studies employing complex input in children with speech sound disorders. In the meta-analysis review, using a list of inclusion criteria, we narrowed 280 studies down to 12 studies. Data from these studies were extracted to calculate effect sizes that were plotted as forest plots to determine the efficacy of complexity-based treatment approaches. The outcome variables of interest were improvement on the treated and generalization to the untreated sounds. Meta-analysis revealed that the exposure to complex input not only promoted improvement in production of complex speech sounds (d = 1.08, CI = 0.98–1.19) but also facilitated the production of untreated simple speech sounds (d = 2.69, CI = 1.98–3.54). Overall, the current findings revealed that the exposure to complex input promotes acquisition of both complex and simple speech sounds. The current findings are in line with the models of language learnability. The current findings have implications in the treatment of speech sound disorders.

本研究旨在探明复杂输入暴露对儿童言语语音发育的影响，为此针对现有针对言语语音障碍（speech sound disorders）儿童、采用复杂输入开展干预的治疗类研究，开展了系统性元分析（meta-analysis）综述。本次元分析综述通过一系列纳入标准，从280项初始研究中筛选出12项符合要求的研究。我们提取该12项研究的数据以计算效应量（effect size），并绘制森林图（forest plot）以评估基于复杂性的干预方法的有效性。本研究关注的结局变量包括干预目标语音的产出改善，以及向未干预语音的泛化（generalization）效果。元分析结果显示，复杂输入暴露不仅可促进复杂言语语音的产出能力提升（d = 1.08，CI = 0.98–1.19），还可改善未接受干预的简单言语语音的产出表现（d = 2.69，CI = 1.98–3.54）。综合来看，本研究结果表明，复杂输入暴露可同时促进复杂与简单言语语音的习得。本研究结果与语言可学习性模型的理论框架相符。本研究结果对言语语音障碍的临床干预具有重要指导意义。