Novel Ornithobacterium species from human nasopharyngeal samples. Candidatus Ornithobacterium hominis 16S rRNA genes

Candidatus Ornithobacterium hominis sp. nov. represents a new member of the Flavobacteriaceae previously detected in 16S rRNA gene surveys from Southeast Asia, Africa and Australia. It colonises the infant nasopharynx at high proportional abundance, and is highly prevalent in children in Maela camp, Thailand. The species, a Gram negative bacillus, has not yet been cultured but the cells can be identified in mixed samples by fluorescent hybridisation. The genomes share 62% average amino acid identity with the only other member of the genus, the bird pathogen Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale. Intra- and inter-host genome comparison suggests that colonisation with this bacterium is both persistent and strain exclusive.

候选人类禽杆菌（Candidatus Ornithobacterium hominis）sp. nov.（新种）是黄杆菌科（Flavobacteriaceae）的一个新成员，此前在东南亚、非洲和澳大利亚的16S rRNA基因调查中被检出。该菌可在婴幼儿鼻咽部以较高相对丰度定植，且在泰国湄拉难民营的儿童中具有极高流行率。该物种为革兰氏阴性杆菌，目前尚未获得纯培养，但可通过荧光杂交技术在混合样本中鉴定出该菌体。其基因组与该属仅有的另一成员——鸟类病原禽呼吸道杆菌（Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale）的平均氨基酸一致性为62%。宿主内与宿主间的基因组比较分析表明，该菌的定植兼具持久性与菌株排他性。