DataSheet1_Identification and functional analysis of αB-crystallins in Pteromalus puparum.docx

Heat shock proteins, including αB-crystallins (CRYAB), are pivotal in cellular defense mechanisms and stress response. This study presents a comprehensive investigation of heat shock proteins (HSPs), with a specific focus on the CRYAB family, within the genome of Pteromalus puparum. The analysis encompasses the identification of these proteins, exploration of their phylogenetic relationships, examination of conserved domains, and evaluation of their response to high temperature conditions. A total of 46 HSPs were identified in the P. puparum genome, and the differential expression of mRNA at 35°C and 25°C drew attention to five genes belonging to the CRYAB family, namely, PpCRYAB-1 to PpCRYAB-5. The conservation level of CRYAB family genes across different species was observed to be relatively modest. Through genome-wide screening of 22 species representing six insect orders, a total of 235 CRYAB proteins were identified, with P. puparum harboring eight CRYAB proteins, indicative of a moderate abundance compared to other species. Intriguingly, evolutionary analysis highlighted PpCRYAB-4 with potentially intricate differentiation in comparison to other members of the CRYAB family. Furthermore, RNA interference (RNAi) results demonstrated significant regulatory effects on adult lifespan under heat stress at 35°C for PpCRYAB-4 and PpCRYAB-5. These findings lay a groundwork for future investigations into stress resistance mechanisms in parasitic wasps, providing fresh insights for the study of insect resilience amidst the backdrop of global climate change.

热休克蛋白（Heat shock proteins, HSPs）包括αB-晶体蛋白（αB-crystallins, CRYAB），在细胞防御机制与应激响应中发挥关键作用。本研究针对蝶蛹金小蜂（Pteromalus puparum）基因组中的热休克蛋白开展了全面探究，并重点聚焦于αB-晶体蛋白家族（CRYAB家族）。本次分析涵盖了该类蛋白的鉴定、系统发育关系解析、保守结构域分析，以及其对高温条件响应的评估。研究团队在蝶蛹金小蜂基因组中共鉴定出46种热休克蛋白，而35℃与25℃下信使RNA（messenger RNA, mRNA）的差异表达，使得研究人员将目光聚焦于CRYAB家族的5个基因，即PpCRYAB-1至PpCRYAB-5。研究发现，不同物种间CRYAB家族基因的保守性水平相对偏低。通过对涵盖6个昆虫目的22个物种开展全基因组筛选，研究人员共鉴定出235个CRYAB蛋白，其中蝶蛹金小蜂拥有8个CRYAB蛋白，相较于其他物种，其丰度处于中等水平。值得注意的是，进化分析显示，相较于CRYAB家族的其他成员，PpCRYAB-4可能存在更为复杂的分化模式。此外，RNA干扰（RNA interference, RNAi）实验结果表明，在35℃热胁迫条件下，PpCRYAB-4与PpCRYAB-5对成虫寿命具有显著的调控效应。本研究结果为后续探究寄生蜂的抗逆机制奠定了重要基础，同时也为全球气候变化背景下昆虫适应性的研究提供了全新视角。