Crystallization-Driven Multicomponent Encapsulation of Coulombically Repulsive Guests

Coulombically repulsive cationic guests can be encapsulated in the multicomponent capsule hosts via favorable ion pairing, H-bonding intermolecular interactions. The inclusion of protonated and diprotonated 2-pycolyl amine guests in the calix[4]­arene tetrasulfonate, tetrasodium salt C­[4]) host is reminiscent with complex dynamic equilibria in solution. The addition of AG aminoguanidinium cations to such mixtures results in the formation of distinct crystalline bilayer and capsule architectures in the solid state. This show that libraries of interexchanging supramolecular components may convert into robust solid state multicomponent capsules via constitutional crystallization.具有库仑排斥作用的阳离子客体（cationic guests），可通过有利的离子配对（ion pairing）与氢键分子间相互作用（H-bonding intermolecular interactions）被包封于多组分胶囊主体（multicomponent capsule hosts）中。将质子化与双质子化的2-吡啶甲胺（2-pycolyl amine）客体引入杯[4]芳烃四磺酸钠盐（calix[4]arene tetrasulfonate, tetrasodium salt，缩写C[4]）主体后，该体系会表现出溶液中复杂动态平衡的特征。向此类混合体系中加入氨基胍鎓阳离子（AG, aminoguanidinium cations）后，可在固态下形成独特的结晶双层与胶囊组装结构。该结果表明，动态交换的超分子组分库可通过组成式结晶（constitutional crystallization）转化为稳定的固态多组分胶囊体系。