Individual Variability in Human Cell Type Transcriptomes and Epigenomes [YM3A]

Diversity and individual variability are essential to human cognitive function. Identifying the conserved and variable (epi)genomic signatures of the brain’s cellular components is critical for understanding the neurobiological basis of individual variation in brain function.  We applied single nucleus methylome and transcriptome sequence (snmCT-seq) to neurons from the frontal cortex of 11 adult human donors spanning a range of ages from 23 to 74, including males and females (Broadmann Area BA46). We clustered cells into brain cell types based on methylation features. We then examined the transcriptome and epigenome features in each cell type between and within individual donors. Taking advantage of the multimodal measurements in single cells, we also identified the relation between RNA expression and methylation level.These data with multiomics measurement from donors with sex and age diversity aims to approach the dimension of inter-individual variability. We apply snmCT-seq to identify the transcriptomic and epigenomic features of neurons from individual adult human frontal cortex, including 3 aged male donors (age range 70-71), 3 aged female donors (71-74 years old), 3 young male donors  (25 years old) and 2 young female donors  (23-30 years old). For each donor, 2 chunks of brain tissue were collected and processed separately, to assess within-donor variability. Data in this series was from chunk A of a 25 years old male.

多样性与个体差异对人类认知功能至关重要。解析大脑细胞组分中保守且可变的（表观）基因组特征，是理解脑功能个体差异的神经生物学基础的关键所在。我们对11名年龄跨度为23至74岁的成年人类捐献者的前额叶皮层（布罗德曼区BA46，Broadmann Area BA46）神经元，采用单细胞核甲基化与转录组测序（single nucleus methylome and transcriptome sequence, snmCT-seq）技术进行检测。我们基于甲基化特征将细胞聚类为不同脑细胞类型，随后在不同捐献者及同一捐献者内部，对每种细胞类型的转录组与表观基因组特征展开分析。借助单细胞多模态测量数据，我们还鉴定了RNA表达水平与甲基化水平之间的关联。本数据集涵盖了具有性别与年龄多样性的捐献者的多组学测量数据，旨在探究个体间差异的维度。我们采用snmCT-seq技术，对成年人类前额叶皮层神经元的转录组与表观基因组特征进行鉴定，其中包含3名老年男性捐献者（年龄区间70~71岁）、3名老年女性捐献者（71~74岁）、3名年轻男性捐献者（25岁）以及2名年轻女性捐献者（23~30岁）。针对每名捐献者，我们采集并分别处理了2份大脑组织块，以评估捐献者内部的变异情况。本系列数据来自1名25岁男性捐献者的A份组织块。